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Understanding Degradation Mechanisms and Improving Stability of Perovskite Photovoltaics

Journal Article · · Chemical Reviews
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]
  1. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
  2. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Chulalongkorn Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Inst.
  3. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  4. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering

This review article examines the current state of understanding in how metal halide perovskite solar cells can degrade when exposed to moisture, oxygen, heat, light, mechanical stress, and reverse bias. It also highlights strategies for improving stability, such as tuning the composition of the perovskite, introducing hydrophobic coatings, replacing metal electrodes with carbon or transparent conducting oxides, and packaging. The article concludes with recommendations on how accelerated testing should be performed to rapidly develop solar cells that are both extraordinarily efficient and stable.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); US Office of Naval Research
Grant/Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308; EE0008167
OSTI ID:
1485569
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1686151
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA--5K00-72914
Journal Information:
Chemical Reviews, Journal Name: Chemical Reviews Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 119; ISSN 0009-2665
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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A hole-conductor-free, fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell with high stability journal July 2014
Efficient and stable large-area perovskite solar cells with inorganic charge extraction layers journal October 2015
A mixed-cation lead mixed-halide perovskite absorber for tandem solar cells journal January 2016
Perovskite-perovskite tandem photovoltaics with optimized band gaps journal October 2016
Quantum dot-induced phase stabilization of  -CsPbI3 perovskite for high-efficiency photovoltaics journal October 2016
Improving efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells with photocurable fluoropolymers journal September 2016
Incorporation of rubidium cations into perovskite solar cells improves photovoltaic performance journal September 2016
Perovskite solar cells with CuSCN hole extraction layers yield stabilized efficiencies greater than 20% journal September 2017
Iodide management in formamidinium-lead-halide–based perovskite layers for efficient solar cells journal June 2017
A generic interface to reduce the efficiency-stability-cost gap of perovskite solar cells journal November 2017
Light-induced lattice expansion leads to high-efficiency perovskite solar cells journal April 2018
Perovskite solar cells must come of age journal January 2018
Methylammonium-free, high-performance, and stable perovskite solar cells on a planar architecture journal October 2018
Challenges for commercializing perovskite solar cells journal September 2018
Structural Study on Cubic–Tetragonal Transition of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 journal July 2002
Phase Diagrams of Quasibinary Systems of the Type: ABX 3 — A′BX 3 ; ABX 3 — AB′X 3 , and ABX 3 — ABX′ 3 ; X = Halogen journal January 1992
Identifying defect-tolerant semiconductors with high minority-carrier lifetimes: beyond hybrid lead halide perovskites journal May 2015
Criteria for Choosing Transparent Conductors journal August 2000

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Solar‐Driven Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Battery journal May 2019
Enhanced Near‐Infrared Photoresponse of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Through Rational Design of Bulk‐Heterojunction Electron‐Transporting Layers journal August 2019
Regulating strain in perovskite thin films through charge-transport layers journal March 2020
Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures journal January 2020
Doping strategies for small molecule organic hole-transport materials: impacts on perovskite solar cell performance and stability journal January 2019
Highly stable hybrid perovskite light-emitting diodes based on Dion-Jacobson structure journal August 2019
Copper Iodide Interlayer for Improved Charge Extraction and Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells journal April 2019
Degradation of Perovskite Thin Films and Solar Cells with Candle Soot C/Ag Electrode Exposed in a Control Ambient journal December 2021
Optical Fingerprints of Polynuclear Complexes in Lead-Halide Perovskite Precursor Solutions text January 2020
Chalcogenide perovskite BaZrS3 thin-film electronic and optoelectronic devices by low temperature processing text January 2021
A Novel Fabrication Approach for Improving the Efficiency of FAPbI3 Based Perovskite Solar Cells journal January 2022
Excitons in monolayer semiconductors in complex environments and under external fields text January 2020
Boosting the Efficiency of SnO 2 ‐Triple Cation Perovskite System Beyond 20% Using Nonhalogenated Antisolvent journal June 2019
Controlled n‐Doping in Air‐Stable CsPbI 2 Br Perovskite Solar Cells with a Record Efficiency of 16.79% journal February 2020
Interfacial Residual Stress Relaxation in Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Stability journal October 2019
Solution‐Processable 2D Materials Applied in Light‐Emitting Diodes and Solar Cells journal January 2020
Application of Perovskite‐Structured Materials in Field‐Effect Transistors journal September 2019
LiTFSI‐Free Spiro‐OMeTAD‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiencies Exceeding 19% journal July 2019
Enhanced Nucleation of Atomic Layer Deposited Contacts Improves Operational Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells in Air journal October 2019
1000 h Operational Lifetime Perovskite Solar Cells by Ambient Melting Encapsulation journal January 2020
Impact of PbI 2 Passivation and Grain Size Engineering in CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 Solar Absorbers as Revealed by Carrier‐Resolved Photo‐Hall Technique journal October 2019
Structural Evolution During Perovskite Crystal Formation and Degradation: In Situ and Operando X‐Ray Diffraction Studies journal November 2019
Research Direction toward Scalable, Stable, and High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells journal April 2020
Dopant‐Free Squaraine‐Based Polymeric Hole‐Transporting Materials with Comprehensive Passivation Effects for Efficient All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells journal October 2019
Dopant‐Free Squaraine‐Based Polymeric Hole‐Transporting Materials with Comprehensive Passivation Effects for Efficient All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells journal December 2019
Surface Silylation of Hybrid Benzidinium Lead Perovskite and its Influence on the Photocatalytic Activity journal October 2019
Zinc Phthalocyanine Conjugated Dimers as Efficient Dopant‐Free Hole Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells journal February 2020
Two‐Dimensional Halide Perovskites in Solar Cells: 2D or not 2D? journal March 2019
3 D NiO Nanowall Hole‐Transporting Layer for the Passivation of Interfacial Contact in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells journal February 2020
Effective Singlet Oxygen Generation in Silica‐Coated CsPbBr 3 Quantum Dots through Energy Transfer for Photocatalysis journal January 2020
Ion Migration: A “Double‐Edged Sword” for Halide‐Perovskite‐Based Electronic Devices journal November 2019
Review on Practical Interface Engineering of Perovskite Solar Cells: From Efficiency to Stability journal July 2019
An agar sandwich method for patterning transparent conducting oxides journal November 2019
Design of low bandgap tin–lead halide perovskite solar cells to achieve thermal, atmospheric and operational stability journal October 2019
Ligand-assisted cation-exchange engineering for high-efficiency colloidal Cs1−xFAxPbI3 quantum dot solar cells with reduced phase segregation journal January 2020
All-inorganic lead-free perovskites for optoelectronic applications journal January 2019
Intrinsic stability enhancement and ionic migration reduction by fluorinated cations incorporated in hybrid lead halide perovskites journal January 2019
Quantifying multiple crystallite orientations and crystal heterogeneities in complex thin film materials journal January 2019
Liquid water-induced growth of the 1D morphology of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 hybrid perovskites journal January 2019
Materials chemistry and engineering in metal halide perovskite lasers journal January 2020
Recent progress of inorganic perovskite solar cells journal January 2019
Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells journal January 2019
Rare earth double perovskites: a fertile soil in the field of perovskite oxides journal January 2019
A structure–property study of fluoranthene-cored hole-transporting materials enables 19.3% efficiency in dopant-free perovskite solar cells journal January 2019
Star-shaped triarylamine-based hole-transport materials in perovskite solar cells journal January 2020
Liquid metal acetate assisted preparation of high-efficiency and stable inverted perovskite solar cells journal January 2019
White light emission in low-dimensional perovskites journal January 2019
Light induced degradation in mixed-halide perovskites journal January 2019
Butyldithiocarbamate acid solution processing: its fundamentals and applications in chalcogenide thin film solar cells journal January 2019
Sulfur-fused perylene diimide electron transport layers allow >400 h operational lifetime of methylammonium lead iodide photovoltaics journal January 2019
Barium acetate as an additive for high performance perovskite solar cells journal January 2019
Lewis-base containing spiro type hole transporting materials for high-performance perovskite solar cells with efficiency approaching 20% journal January 2020
Water in hybrid perovskites: Bulk MAPbI 3 degradation via super-hydrous state journal April 2019
Perovskite semiconductors for next generation optoelectronic applications journal August 2019
Temperature-driven anion migration in gradient halide perovskites journal October 2019
Lead-free hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites for solar cell applications journal January 2020
XPS evidence of degradation mechanism in CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 hybrid perovskite journal November 2019
High performance perovskite solar cells using Cu 9 S 5 supraparticles incorporated hole transport layers journal August 2019
Thermal stability of mobility in methylammonium lead iodide journal November 2019
Beneficial impact of materials with reduced dimensionality on the stability of perovskite-based photovoltaics journal August 2019
Triple-halide wide–band gap perovskites with suppressed phase segregation for efficient tandems journal March 2020
Plasmonic metal–semiconductor heterostructures for hot-electron-driven photochemistry journal January 2020
Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures text January 2020
Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures text January 2020