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The largest deep-ocean silicic volcanic eruption of the past century

Journal Article · · Science Advances
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [5];  [1];  [6];  [2];  [2];  [7];  [8];  [8];  [1];  [6];  [4];  [3];  [9];  [10];  [8]
  1. Univ. of Tasmania, Tasmania (Australia)
  2. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Woods Hole, MA (United States)
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  4. Univ. of Otago, Dunedin (New Zealand)
  5. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland (New Zealand)
  6. National Museum of Nature and Science, Ibaraki (Japan)
  7. GNS Science (New Zealand)
  8. Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States)
  9. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Woods Hole, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA (United States)
  10. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
In this paper, the 2012 submarine eruption of Havre volcano in the Kermadec arc, New Zealand, is the largest deep-ocean eruption in history and one of very few recorded submarine eruptions involving rhyolite magma. It was recognized from a gigantic 400-km2 pumice raft seen in satellite imagery, but the complexity of this event was concealed beneath the sea surface. Mapping, observations, and sampling by submersibles have provided an exceptionally high fidelity record of the seafloor products, which included lava sourced from 14 vents at water depths of 900 to 1220 m, and fragmental deposits including giant pumice clasts up to 9 m in diameter. Most (>75%) of the total erupted volume was partitioned into the pumice raft and transported far from the volcano. The geological record on submarine volcanic edifices in volcanic arcs does not faithfully archive eruption size or magma production.
Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1479370
Journal Information:
Science Advances, Journal Name: Science Advances Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 4; ISSN 2375-2548
Publisher:
AAASCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (4)

Submarine giant pumice: a window into the shallow conduit dynamics of a recent silicic eruption journal June 2019
Distribution of surficial sediments in the ocean around New Zealand/Aotearoa. Part A: continental slope and deep ocean journal October 2018
A Recent Volcanic Eruption Discovered on the Central Mariana Back-Arc Spreading Center journal October 2018
Extrusion dynamics of deepwater volcanoes revealed by 3-D seismic data journal January 2019

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