Simultaneous creation of a large vapor plume and pumice raft by the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba shallow submarine eruption

Fauria, Kristen E.; Jutzeler, Martin; Mittal, Tushar; Gupta, Ashok Kumar; Kelly, Liam J.; Rausch, John; Bennartz, Ralf; Delbridge, Brent Gregory; Retailleau, Lise

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118076

Simultaneous creation of a large vapor plume and pumice raft by the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba shallow submarine eruption

Journal Article · Fri Mar 10 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Earth and Planetary Science Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118076· OSTI ID:2367496

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Kelly, Liam J. ^[1]; Rausch, John ^[1]; Bennartz, Ralf ^[1]; ^[5]; ^[6]

Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS (Australia). Centre for Ore Deposit and Earth Sciences (CODES)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States); Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris (France); Université Paris Cité (France). Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris

The 12 August 2021 eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba, a shallow submarine volcano in the Izu-Bonin arc of Japan, is one of few documented submarine eruptions to make a large aerial plume and floating pumice raft. Relative to past eruptions, this event was well-covered by multiple high resolution satellite remote sensors, raising the possibility of resolving important questions about the timing of raft and plume formation, and their relationship. Here we use satellite remote sensing to assess the eruption timeline, style, rates, and products. We use the Himawari-8 satellite to assess the plume volume flux and height through time. In addition, we use a combination of ultra-high resolution satellite imagery to assess the timing and mechanisms of raft formation. We find that the 16 km eruption plume was ice-rich and conclude that the 0.1 km3 raft and eruption plume were co-genetic. Finally, we suggest that pumice clasts were delivered to the raft by tephra jets, ballistics, and near-vent fallout from the plume. Together our observations reveal that the fallout of pumice lapilli from a water-rich eruption column generated a large pumice raft.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 2367496

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--23-23014

Journal Information:: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Journal Name: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol. 609; ISSN 0012-821X

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Simultaneous creation of a large vapor plume and pumice raft by the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba shallow submarine eruption

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