Dominant Controls of Downdip Afterslip and Viscous Relaxation on the Postseismic Displacements Following the Mw7.9 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake

Zhao, Bin; Bürgmann, Roland; Wang, Dongzhen; Tan, Kai; Du, Ruilin; Zhang, Rui

doi:10.1002/2017JB014366

Title: Dominant Controls of Downdip Afterslip and Viscous Relaxation on the Postseismic Displacements Following the M_w7.9 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake

Journal Article · Mon Sep 11 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB014366· OSTI ID:1479332

^[1]; Bürgmann, Roland ^[2]; Wang, Dongzhen ^[1]; Tan, Kai ^[1]; Du, Ruilin ^[1]; Zhang, Rui ^[3]

China Earthquake Administration, Wuhan (China)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
National Earthquake Infrastructure Service, Beijing (China)

Here, we analyze three-dimensional GPS coordinate time series from continuously operating stations in Nepal and South Tibet and calculate the initial 1 year postseismic displacements. We first investigate models of poroelastic rebound, afterslip, and viscoelastic relaxation individually and then attempt to resolve the trade-offs between their contributions by evaluating the misfit between observed and simulated displacements. We compare kinematic inversions for distributed afterslip with stress-driven afterslip models. The modeling results show that no single mechanism satisfactorily explains near- and far-field postseismic deformation following the Gorkha earthquake. When considering contributions from all three mechanisms, we favor a combination of viscoelastic relaxation and afterslip alone, as poroelastic rebound always worsens the misfit. The combined model does not improve the data misfit significantly, but the inverted afterslip distribution is more physically plausible. The inverted afterslip favors slip within the brittle-ductile transition zone downdip of the coseismic rupture and fills the small gap between the mainshock and largest aftershock slip zone, releasing only 7% of the coseismic moment. Our preferred model also illuminates the laterally heterogeneous rheological structure between India and the South Tibet. The transient and steady state viscosities of the upper mantle beneath Tibet are constrained to be greater than 10¹⁸ Pa s and 10¹⁹ Pa s, whereas the Indian upper mantle has a high viscosity ≥10²⁰ Pa s. The viscosity in the lower crust of southern Tibet shows a clear trade-off with its southward extent and thickness, suggesting an upper bound value of ~8 × 10¹⁹ Pa s for its steady state viscosity.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1479332

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, Vol. 122, Issue 10; ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Transient High Strain Rate During Localized Viscous Creep in the Dry Lower Continental Crust (Lofoten, Norway) Campbell, L. R.; Menegon, L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 124, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jb018052	journal	October 2019
Constraints on the Geometry and Frictional Properties of the Main Himalayan Thrust Using Coseismic, Postseismic, and Interseismic Deformation in Nepal Ingleby, T.; Wright, T. J.; Hooper, A. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 125, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jb019201	journal	February 2020
Audit of stored strain energy and extent of future earthquake rupture in central Himalaya Sreejith, K. M.; Sunil, P. S.; Agrawal, Ritesh Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35025-y	journal	November 2018
Interseismic and Postseismic Shallow Creep of the North Qaidam Thrust Faults Detected with a Multitemporal InSAR Analysis Daout, Simon; Sudhaus, Henriette; Kausch, Thore ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000362549	text	January 2019