Mineral properties, microbes, transport, and plant-input profiles control vertical distribution and age of soil carbon stocks

Dwivedi, D.; Riley, W. J.; Torn, M. S.; Spycher, N.; Maggi, F.; Tang, J. Y.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.12.019

Mineral properties, microbes, transport, and plant-input profiles control vertical distribution and age of soil carbon stocks

Journal Article · Wed Feb 08 04:00:00 EST 2017 · Soil Biology and Biochemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.12.019· OSTI ID:1471030

^[1]; Riley, W. J. ^[1]; Torn, M. S. ^[1]; Spycher, N. ^[1]; Maggi, F. ^[2]; Tang, J. Y. ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Area
Univ. of Sydney, NSW (Australia). School of Civil Engineering

The role of organo-mineral interactions, microbial dynamics, and vertical plant input profiles are hypothesized to be important in controlling soil organic matter (SOM) stocks and dynamics. In this paper, to test this hypothesis, we enhanced and applied a model (Biotic and Abiotic Model of SOM – BAMS1) that represents microbial dynamics and organo-mineral interactions integrated with a multiphase reactive transport solver for variably saturated porous media. The model represents aqueous chemistry, aqueous advection and diffusion, gaseous diffusion, sorption processes, bacterial and fungal activity, and archetypal monomer- and polymer-carbon substrate groups, including dead cell wall material. This model structure is fundamentally different, and produces different SOM dynamics, than the pseudo-first order relationships that are used in most site- and global-scale terrestrial SOM models. We simulated two grasslands, a seven-site chronosequence (~3.9–240 Ky) in Northern California, and a Russian Chernozem site where soils were sampled 100 years apart. We calibrated the model's vertically-resolved soil bulk specific surface area (SBSSA) using observed bulk SOM content, and then tested the model against observed Δ¹⁴C profiles. The modeled microbial processes, organo-mineral interactions, and vertical aqueous transport produced realistic vertically-resolved predictions of bulk SOM content, Δ¹⁴C values of SOM, lignin content, and fungi-to-aerobic bacteria biomass ratios. Using sensitivity analyses, we found that vertical carbon input profiles were important controls over the Δ¹⁴C depth distribution. Shallower carbon input profiles lead to older carbon at depth. In addition, the SBSSA was the dominant control over the magnitude and vertical distribution of SOM stocks. Finally, the findings of this study demonstrate the value of explicitly incorporating microbial activity, sorption, and vertical transport into land models to predict SOM dynamics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1471030

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1419401

Journal Information:: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Name: Soil Biology and Biochemistry Vol. 107; ISSN 0038-0717

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Mean Residence Time of Kaolinite and Smectite-Bound Organic Matter in Mozambiquan Soils Wattel-Koekkoek, Esther J. W.; Buurman, Peter Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 68, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2004.1540	journal	January 2004
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Evidence for Carbon Saturation in a Highly Structured and Organic‐Matter‐Rich Soil Chung, Haegeun; Ngo, Kathie J.; Plante, Alain Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 74, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2009.0097	journal	January 2010
Relation between Soil Order and Sorption of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Temperate Subsoils Mayes, Melanie A.; Heal, Katherine R.; Brandt, Craig C. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 76, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2011.0340	journal	January 2012
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Adsorption-Desorption Processes in Subsurface Reactive Transport Modeling Goldberg, Sabine; Criscenti, Louise J.; Turner, David R. Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2006.0085	journal	August 2007
A coupled model for transport of multiple chemical species and kinetic precipitation/dissolution reactions with application to reactive flow in single phase hydrothermal systems Steefel, C. I.; Lasaga, A. C. American Journal of Science, Vol. 294, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.294.5.529	journal	May 1994
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