Removal capacity and chemical speciation of groundwater iodide (I-) and iodate (IO3-) sequestered by organoclays and granular activated carbon

Li, Dien; Kaplan, Daniel I.; Sams, Allison; Powell, Brian A.; Knox, Anna S.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.08.008

Removal capacity and chemical speciation of groundwater iodide (I^-) and iodate (IO₃^-) sequestered by organoclays and granular activated carbon

Journal Article · Mon Aug 13 00:00:00 UTC 2018 · Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.08.008· OSTI ID:1466206

Li, Dien ^[1]; Kaplan, Daniel I. ^[1]; Sams, Allison ^[2]; Powell, Brian A. ^[3]; Knox, Anna S. ^[1]

Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River National Lab. (SRNL)
Clemson Univ., SC (United States). Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences
Clemson Univ., SC (United States). Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences and Department of Chemistry

Radioiodine (present mostly as ¹²⁹I) is difficult to remove from waste streams or contaminated groundwater because it tends to exist as multiple anionic species (i.e., iodide (I^-), iodate (IO₃^-) and organo-iodide) that do not bind to minerals or synthetic materials. Here in this paper, the efficacy of organoclay OCB and OCM, and granular activated carbon (GAC) as sorbents to bind I^- and IO₃^- from artificial groundwater (AGW) was examined. These sorbents were highly effective at removing I^- and IO₃^- from AGW under oxic condition, with the adsorption capacity up to 30 mg I/g sorbent. Based on X-ray spectroscopy measurements, I^- was bound to organic ligands in organoclays OCB and OCM, but when GAC was exposed to I^- in groundwater, the sequestered I species was molecular I₂. For IO₃^- interacting with organoclay OCB and GAC, the adsorbed I species remained being IO₃^-, but when organoclay OCM that contains both quaternary amine and sulfur was exposed to IO₃^-, the sulfur compound would reduce IO₃^- to I^- that was then bound to organic ligands. Finally, the inexpensive and high-capacity organoclays and GAC may provide a practical solution for removing ¹²⁹I contaminant from environmental systems and liquid nuclear wastes.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC09-08SR22470; AC09-96SR18500; EM0004381

OSTI ID:: 1466206

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1693754
OSTI ID: 22885348
OSTI ID: 1484793

Report Number(s):: SRNL-STI--2018-00138; PII: S0265931X18304181

Journal Information:: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Journal Name: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity Journal Issue: C Vol. 192; ISSN 0265-931X

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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