A detailed study of the Al3Ni formation reaction using nanocalorimetry

Grapes, Michael D.; Santala, Melissa K.; Campbell, Geoffrey H.; LaVan, David A.; Weihs, Timothy P.

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2017.10.018

A detailed study of the Al₃Ni formation reaction using nanocalorimetry

Journal Article · Wed Oct 25 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Thermochimica Acta

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2017.10.018· OSTI ID:1466145

Grapes, Michael D. ^[1]; Santala, Melissa K. ^[2]; Campbell, Geoffrey H. ^[2]; LaVan, David A. ^[3]; Weihs, Timothy P. ^[4]

Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). Materials Measurement Science Division
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). Materials Measurement Science Division
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Department of Materials Science and Engineering

In this study, the Al₃Ni formation reaction was examined at 11 heating rates ranging from 1000 K/s to 100,000 K/s using high-rate nanocalorimetry, time-resolved electron microscopy, isoconversional analysis, and combined kinetic analysis. Two main reaction steps are identified. In the first, interdiffusion occurs between reactants without product nucleation. The estimated activation energy for this process, 113 kJ/mol ± 4 kJ/mol, suggests grain boundary diffusion as the most likely controlling mechanism. In the second step, the Al₃Ni product phase nucleates and grows. Here, the estimated activation energy of 137 kJ/mol ± 4 kJ/mol suggests that growth is enabled by diffusion of Ni through bulk Al. Combined kinetic analysis of the growth regime yields an Avrami reaction model with an exponent of 0.5, implying 1D diffusion-limited growth from a fixed number of randomly distributed nuclei. Finally, combining the results for the two regimes, we propose a mechanism where the Al₃Ni product initially nucleates along the grain boundaries and then grows laterally until the reactants are consumed.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1466145

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1512829
OSTI ID: 22803710

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL--737130; 889955

Journal Information:: Thermochimica Acta, Journal Name: Thermochimica Acta Journal Issue: C Vol. 658; ISSN 0040-6031

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (41)

Kinetics of thermal degradation of char-forming plastics from thermogravimetry. Application to a phenolic plastic Friedman, Henry L. Journal of Polymer Science Part C: Polymer Symposia, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/polc.5070060121	journal	January 1964
Correlations for diffusion constants Brown, A. M.; Ashby, M. F. Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 28, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(80)90092-9	journal	August 1980
Study of the kinetics of the mechanism of solid-state reactions at increasing temperatures Šesták, Jaroslav; Berggren, Gunnar Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(71)85051-7	journal	October 1971
An approach to the solution of the inverse kinetic problem in the case of complex processes. Part III. Parallel independent reactions Vyazovkin, S. V.; Goryachko, V. I.; Lesnikovich, A. I. Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 197, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(92)87037-B	journal	March 1992
Effect of a sharp gradient of concentration on nucleation of intermetallics at interfaces between polycrystalline layers Hodaj, F.; Desré, P. J. Acta Materialia, Vol. 44, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/1359-6454(96)00085-7	journal	November 1996
Influence of the microstructure on the interreaction of Al/Ni investigated by tomographic atom probe Jeske, T.; Schmitz, G. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 327, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01886-X	journal	April 2002
Microstructural influence on the early stages of interreaction of Al/Ni-investigated by TAP and HREM Jeske, T.; Seibt, M.; Schmitz, G. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 353, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00675-5	journal	July 2003
Diffusion coefficients of some solutes in fcc and liquid Al: critical evaluation and correlation Du, Yong; Chang, Y. A.; Huang, Baiyun Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 363, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00624-5	journal	December 2003
Calorimetric determination of NiAl3-growth kinetics in sputter-deposited Ni/Al diffusion couples Michaelsen, C.; Barmak, K. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 257, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(97)00014-5	journal	July 1997
Al/Ni formation reactions: characterization of the metastable Al9Ni2 phase and analysis of its formation Blobaum, K. J.; Van Heerden, D.; Gavens, A. J. Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00211-8	journal	August 2003
Impact of heterogeneous boundary nucleation on transformation kinetics and microstructure Rickman, J. M.; Tong, W. S.; Barmak, K. Acta Materialia, Vol. 45, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(96)00245-5	journal	March 1997
Initial phase evolution during interdiffusion reactions da Silva Bassani, M. H.; Perepezko, J. H.; Edelstein, A. S. Scripta Materialia, Vol. 37, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00078-X	journal	July 1997
Direct characterization of phase transformations and morphologies in moving reaction zones in Al/Ni nanolaminates using dynamic transmission electron microscopy Kim, J. S.; LaGrange, T.; Reed, B. W. Acta Materialia, Vol. 59, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2011.02.030	journal	May 2011
A novel technique for MEMS packaging: Reactive bonding with integrated material systems Braeuer, J.; Besser, J.; Wiemer, M. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol. 188 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2012.01.015	journal	December 2012
Optical calibration for nanocalorimeter measurements Swaminathan, P.; Burke, B. G.; Holness, A. E. Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 522, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.03.006	journal	August 2011
ICTAC Kinetics Committee recommendations for performing kinetic computations on thermal analysis data Vyazovkin, Sergey; Burnham, Alan K.; Criado, José M. Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 520, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.03.034	journal	June 2011
Solid-State Kinetic Models: Basics and Mathematical Fundamentals Khawam, Ammar; Flanagan, Douglas R. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 110, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp062746a	journal	September 2006
Combined Kinetic Analysis of Solid-State Reactions: A Powerful Tool for the Simultaneous Determination of Kinetic Parameters and the Kinetic Model without Previous Assumptions on the Reaction Mechanism Pérez-Maqueda, L. A.; Criado, J. M.; Sánchez-Jiménez, P. E. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 110, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp064792g	journal	November 2006
Characterization of supercooled liquid Ge2Sb2Te5 and its crystallization by ultrafast-heating calorimetry Orava, J.; Greer, A. L.; Gholipour, B. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3275	journal	March 2012
Experimental evidence for nucleation during thin‐film reactions Coffey, K. R.; Clevenger, L. A.; Barmak, K. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 55, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.102447	journal	August 1989
Self‐propagating explosive reactions in Al/Ni multilayer thin films Ma, E.; Thompson, C. V.; Clevenger, L. A. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 57, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.103504	journal	September 1990
Room-temperature soldering with nanostructured foils Wang, J.; Besnoin, E.; Duckham, A. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 83, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1623943	journal	November 2003
Phase transformations during rapid heating of Al/Ni multilayer foils Trenkle, Jonathan C.; Koerner, Lucas J.; Tate, Mark W. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2975830	journal	August 2008
Measurement of heat capacity and enthalpy of formation of nickel silicide using nanocalorimetry Kummamuru, Ravi K.; De La Rama, Lito; Hu, Liang Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3255009	journal	November 2009
NiAl ₃ formation in Al/Ni thin‐film bilayers with and without contamination Ma, E.; Nicolet, M‐A.; Nathan, M. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 65, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.342756	journal	April 1989
Time-resolved x-ray microdiffraction studies of phase transformations during rapidly propagating reactions in Al/Ni and Zr/Ni multilayer foils Trenkle, J. C.; Koerner, L. J.; Tate, M. W. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 107, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3428471	journal	June 2010
Nucleation and growth during reactions in multilayer Al/Ni films: The early stage of Al ₃ Ni formation Ma, E.; Thompson, C. V.; Clevenger, L. A. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 69, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.348722	journal	February 1991
Intermetallic phase formation during annealing of Al/Ni multilayers Edelstein, A. S.; Everett, R. K.; Richardson, G. Y. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.357893	journal	December 1994
The early stages of solid‐state reactions in Ni/Al multilayer films Michaelsen, C.; Lucadamo, G.; Barmak, K. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.363794	journal	December 1996
Thresholds for igniting exothermic reactions in Al/Ni multilayers using pulses of electrical, mechanical, and thermal energy Fritz, Gregory M.; Spey, Stephen J.; Grapes, Michael D. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 113, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4770478	journal	January 2013
Studying exothermic reactions in the Ni-Al system at rapid heating rates using a nanocalorimeter Swaminathan, P.; Grapes, M. D.; Woll, K. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 113, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4799628	journal	April 2013
Combining nanocalorimetry and dynamic transmission electron microscopy for in situ characterization of materials processes under rapid heating and cooling Grapes, Michael D.; LaGrange, Thomas; Friedman, Lawrence H. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4892537	journal	August 2014
In situ transmission electron microscopy investigation of the interfacial reaction between Ni and Al during rapid heating in a nanocalorimeter Grapes, Michael D.; LaGrange, Thomas; Woll, Karsten APL Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4900818	journal	November 2014
Fulfilling the promise of the materials genome initiative with high-throughput experimental methodologies Green, M. L.; Choi, C. L.; Hattrick-Simpers, J. R. Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4977487	journal	March 2017
Investigating the thermodynamics and kinetics of thin film reactions by differential scanning calorimetry Michaelsen, C.; Barmak, K.; Weihs, T. P. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 30, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/30/23/001	journal	December 1997
Compositional and structural characterization of temperature-induced solid-state reactions in Al/Ni multilayers Rothhaar, U.; Oechsner, H.; Scheib, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 61, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.61.974	journal	January 2000
The design and operation of a mems differential scanning nanocalorimeter for high-speed heat capacity measurements of ultrathin films Olson, E. A.; Efremov, M. Yu. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2003.811755	journal	June 2003
Interactions of Adhesion Materials and Annealing Environment on Resistance and Stability of MEMS Platinum Heaters and Temperature Sensors Yi, Feng; Osborn, William; Betz, Jordan Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 24, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2015.2394483	journal	August 2015
Imaging of Transient Structures Using Nanosecond in Situ TEM Kim, Judy S.; LaGrange, Thomas; Reed, Bryan W. Science, Vol. 321, Issue 5895 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1161517	journal	September 2008
On the role of diffusion in phase selection during reactions at interfaces Thompson, C. V. Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1992.0367	journal	February 1992
Reactive phase formation in sputter-deposited Ni/Al multilayer thin films Barmak, K.; Michaelsen, C.; Lucadamo, G. Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1997.0021	journal	January 1997

Cited By (4)

Intermetallic formation at deeply supercooled Ni/Al multilayer interfaces: A molecular dynamics study Yi, Peng; Falk, Michael L.; Weihs, Timothy P. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 124, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5048911	journal	October 2018
A nanocalorimetric study of the effect of composition gradients on crystallization in amorphous Cu-Zr thin films Arlington, Shane Q.; Yi, Feng; LaVan, David A. AIP Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5080312	journal	March 2019
Nanocalorimetry: Exploring materials faster and smaller Yi, Feng; LaVan, David A. Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5098297	journal	September 2019
Visualization of Polymer Crystallization by In Situ Combination of Atomic Force Microscopy and Fast Scanning Calorimetry Zhang, Rui; Zhuravlev, Evgeny; Androsch, René Polymers, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11050890	journal	May 2019

Similar Records

Effect of boron addition on recrystallization and grain growth in Ni sub 3 Al polycrystals

Conference · Mon Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1990 · OSTI ID:5778880

Reaction kinetics of CuInSe{sub 2} thin films grown from bilayer InSe/CuSe precursors

Journal Article · Mon Feb 28 23:00:00 EST 2005 · Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. A, Vacuum, Surfaces and Films · OSTI ID:20637027

Interfacial reaction of BN/Ni/sub 3/Al

Journal Article · Mon Oct 17 00:00:00 EDT 1988 · Appl. Phys. Lett.; (United States) · OSTI ID:7090462

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Aluminum
Isoconversional analysis
Nanocalorimetry
Nickel
Reaction mechanisms
Reactive multilayers