Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system

Stafford, Charles A.; Shastry, Abhay

doi:10.1063/1.4975810

Title: Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system

Journal Article · Tue Feb 14 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Journal of Chemical Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4975810· OSTI ID:1465755

Stafford, Charles A. ^[1]; Shastry, Abhay ^[1]

Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)

The local entropy of a nonequilibrium system of independent fermions is investigated and analyzed in the context of the laws of thermodynamics. It is shown that the local temperature and chemical potential can only be expressed in terms of derivatives of the local entropy for linear deviations from local equilibrium. The first law of thermodynamics is shown to lead to an inequality, not equality, for the change in the local entropy as the nonequilibrium state of the system is changed. The maximum entropy principle (second law of thermodynamics) is proven: a nonequilibrium distribution has a local entropy less than or equal to a local equilibrium distribution satisfying the same constraints. It is shown that the local entropy of the system tends to zero when the local temperature tends to zero, consistent with the third law of thermodynamics

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0006699; DESC0006699

OSTI ID:: 1465755

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1349136

Journal Information:: Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 146, Issue 9; ISSN 0021-9606

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 8 works

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Preface: Special Topic on Frontiers in Molecular Scale Electronics Evers, Ferdinand; Venkataraman, Latha Universität Regensburg https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.46116	text	January 2017
Quantum thermodynamics of nanoscale steady states far from equilibrium Taniguchi, Nobuhiko arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.07385	text	January 2017

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