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Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system

Journal Article · · Journal of Chemical Physics
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4975810· OSTI ID:1465755
 [1];  [2]
  1. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); Department of Physics, University of Arizona, 1118 East Fourth Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
  2. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
The local entropy of a nonequilibrium system of independent fermions is investigated and analyzed in the context of the laws of thermodynamics. It is shown that the local temperature and chemical potential can only be expressed in terms of derivatives of the local entropy for linear deviations from local equilibrium. The first law of thermodynamics is shown to lead to an inequality, not equality, for the change in the local entropy as the nonequilibrium state of the system is changed. The maximum entropy principle (second law of thermodynamics) is proven: a nonequilibrium distribution has a local entropy less than or equal to a local equilibrium distribution satisfying the same constraints. It is shown that the local entropy of the system tends to zero when the local temperature tends to zero, consistent with the third law of thermodynamics
Research Organization:
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0006699
OSTI ID:
1465755
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1349136
Journal Information:
Journal of Chemical Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Chemical Physics Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 146; ISSN 0021-9606
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (5)

Preface: Special Topic on Frontiers in Molecular Scale Electronics journal March 2017
The third law of thermodynamics in open quantum systems journal August 2019
Quantum thermodynamics of nanoscale steady states far from equilibrium journal April 2018
Quantum thermodynamics of nanoscale steady states far from equilibrium text January 2017
Preface: Special Topic on Frontiers in Molecular Scale Electronics text January 2017

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