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EMP Coupling to a Straight Conductor Above Ground: Transmission Line Formulation Based on Electromagnetic Reciprocity

Journal Article · · IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility
 [1];  [2]
  1. Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
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A simple model for coupling of an electromagnetic plane wave incident on a conductor above ground has been developed using reciprocity theory, providing some advantages as compared to the conventional transmission line approach. The model is developed using a semi-infinitely long single conductor above a lossy ground plane and connected by an arbitrary load impedance to a vertical grounding conductor. This configuration corresponds to the worst-case wave coupling, because it leads to a line induced current larger than in the cases of finite and multiconductor lines. A frequency-domain Thévenin equivalent model is developed to relate the incident wave amplitude to the voltage across a generic load, connected at any point on the vertical conductor. The application to the threat analysis of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse impact on a power transmission line is discussed by considering the time-domain solution (via inverse Fourier transform) for an incident EMP fast-rise transient (E1) waveshape, following the standard IEC specifications. For typical high-voltage power line load impedances, it is shown that voltage magnitudes in the MV range can be induced across the line termination, in the case of a wave with a near-grazing incidence angle and with wave vector aligned along the horizontal conductor.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1462874
Journal Information:
IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 61; ISSN 0018-9375
Publisher:
IEEECopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Figures / Tables (10)

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Fig. 8(p. 7)figure Fig. 8
Fig. 9(p. 7)figure Fig. 9
Table I(p. 7)table Table I

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Related Subjects

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
Electromagnetic pulse (EMP)
high-voltage transmission lines
transmission line analysis