Recent Progress in Applications of the Cold Sintering Process for Ceramic–Polymer Composites

Guo, Jing; Zhao, Xuetong; Herisson De Beauvoir, Thomas; Seo, Joo‐Hwan; Berbano, Seth S.; Baker, Amanda L.; Azina, Clio; Randall, Clive A.

doi:10.1002/adfm.201801724

Recent Progress in Applications of the Cold Sintering Process for Ceramic–Polymer Composites

Journal Article · Wed Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Advanced Functional Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201801724· OSTI ID:1462778

Guo, Jing ^[1]; Zhao, Xuetong ^[2]; Herisson De Beauvoir, Thomas ^[1]; Seo, Joo‐Hwan ^[1]; Berbano, Seth S. ^[1]; Baker, Amanda L. ^[1]; Azina, Clio ^[3]; Randall, Clive A. ^[1]

Materials Research Institute and Department of Materials Science &, Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
Materials Research Institute and Department of Materials Science &, Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA, State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment &, System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Shapingba District Chongqing 400044 P. R. China
CNRS University of Bordeaux ICMCB UMR 5026 F‐33600 Pessac France

Abstract

Ceramic–polymer composites are of interest for designing enhanced and unique properties. However, the processing temperature windows of sintering ceramics are much higher than that of compaction, extrusion, or sintering of polymers, and thus traditionally there has been an inability to cosinter ceramic–polymer composites in a single step with high amounts of ceramics. The cold sintering process is a low‐temperature sintering technology recently developed for ceramics and ceramic‐based composites. A wide variety of ceramic materials have now been demonstrated to be densified under the cold sintering process and therefore can be all cosintered with polymers from room temperature to 300 °C. Here, the status, understanding, and application of cold cosintering, with different examples of ceramics and polymers, are discussed. One has to note that these types of cold sintering processes are yet new, and a full understanding will only emerge after more ceramic–polymer examples emerge and different research groups build upon these early observations. The general processing, property designs, and an outlook on cold sintering composites are outlined. Ultimately, the cold sintering process could open up a new multimaterial design space and impact the field of ceramic–polymer composites.

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0000766

OSTI ID:: 1462778

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1537354

Journal Information:: Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Functional Materials Journal Issue: 39 Vol. 28; ISSN 1616-301X

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

References (91)

Thermal conductivity, elastic modulus, and coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer composites filled with ceramic particles for electronic packaging Wong, C. P.; Bollampally, Raja S. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 74, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19991227)74:14<3396::AID-APP13>3.0.CO;2-3	journal	December 1999
Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Electrode with Optimized Solvent and Thermal Post-Treatment for ITO-Free Organic Solar Cells Kim, Yong Hyun; Sachse, Christoph; Machala, Michael L. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201002290	journal	February 2011
Cold Sintering Process of Composites: Bridging the Processing Temperature Gap of Ceramic and Polymer Materials Guo, Jing; Berbano, Seth S.; Guo, Hanzheng Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201602489	journal	August 2016
Polymer Layered Silicate Nanocomposites Giannelis, Emmanuel P. Advanced Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.19960080104	journal	January 1996
Growth of Arrayed Nanorods and Nanowires of ZnO from Aqueous Solutions Vayssieres, L. Advanced Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200390108	journal	March 2003
Ceramic–Polymer Composites with High Dielectric Constant Arbatti, M.; Shan, X.; Cheng, Z. -Y. Advanced Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200601996	journal	May 2007
Solution-Processed Metallic Conducting Polymer Films as Transparent Electrode of Optoelectronic Devices Xia, Yijie; Sun, Kuan; Ouyang, Jianyong Advanced Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201104795	journal	April 2012
Piezotronically Modified Double Schottky Barriers in ZnO Varistors Raidl, Nadine; Supancic, Peter; Danzer, Robert Advanced Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201403707	journal	February 2015
Cold Sintering: A Paradigm Shift for Processing and Integration of Ceramics Guo, Jing; Guo, Hanzheng; Baker, Amanda L. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 55, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201605443	journal	August 2016
Methods for predicting the thermal conductivity of composite systems: A review Progelhof, R. C.; Throne, J. L.; Ruetsch, R. R. Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 16, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160905	journal	September 1976
Intercalated clay nanocomposites: Morphology, mechanics, and fracture behavior Zerda, Adam S.; Lesser, Alan J. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 39, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1090	journal	January 2001
Polymer nanocomposites Krishnamoorti, Ramanan; Vaia, Richard A. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 45, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.21319	journal	January 2007
Chemical State Analysis of Grain Boundaries in ZnO Varistors by Auger Electron Spectroscopy Tanaka, Shigeru; Akita, Chiyoshi; Ohashi, Naoki Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 105, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1993.1191	journal	July 1993
Temperature coefficients of capacitance of solids Harrop, P. J. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00550407	journal	April 1969
The microstructure of a ZnO varistor material Olsson, E.; Falk, L. K. L.; Dunlop, G. L. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 20, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00552403	journal	November 1985
A review of particulate reinforcement theories for polymer composites Ahmed, S.; Jones, F. R. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 25, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580110	journal	December 1990
A hydrothermal hot-pressing method: Apparatus and application Yamasaki, N.; Yanagisawa, K.; Nishioka, M. Journal of Materials Science Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01748104	journal	March 1986
The role of viscoelasticity in polymer sintering Bellehumeur, C. T.; Kontopoulou, Marianne; Vlachopoulos, J. Rheologica Acta, Vol. 37, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003970050114	journal	June 1998
Connectivity and piezoelectric-pyroelectric composites Newnham, R. E.; Skinner, D. P.; Cross, L. E. Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(78)90161-7	journal	May 1978
Polymer Properties Van Krevelen, D. W.; Te Nijenhuis, K. Properties of Polymers https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-054819-7.00001-7	book	December 2009
Recent advances in ZnO materials and devices Look, D. C. Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol. 80, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00604-8	journal	March 2001
Overview of low temperature co-fired ceramics tape technology for meso-system technology (MsST) Gongora-Rubio, M. R.; Espinoza-Vallejos, P.; Sola-Laguna, L. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol. 89, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-4247(00)00554-9	journal	April 2001
Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials Alexandre, Michael; Dubois, Philippe Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Vol. 28, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-796X(00)00012-7	journal	June 2000
Dielectric characterisation of ceramics from the TiO2–TeO2 system Udovic, M.; Valant, M.; Suvorov, D. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 21, Issue 10-11 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-2219(01)00105-4	journal	January 2001
Microwave ceramics for resonators and filters Wersing, Wolfram Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, Vol. 1, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-0286(96)80056-8	journal	October 1996
Unveiling the mechanisms of cold sintering of ZnO at 250 °C by varying applied stress and characterizing grain boundaries by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Gonzalez-Julian, J.; Neuhaus, K.; Bernemann, M. Acta Materialia, Vol. 144 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.10.055	journal	February 2018
Cold sintering of a Li-ion cathode: LiFePO4-composite with high volumetric capacity Seo, Joo-Hwan; Guo, Jing; Guo, Hanzheng Ceramics International, Vol. 43, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.08.077	journal	December 2017
Low temperature co-fired ceramics with ultra-low sintering temperature: A review Sebastian, Mailadil Thomas; Wang, Hong; Jantunen, Heli Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, Vol. 20, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2016.02.004	journal	June 2016
Overview on fabrication of three-dimensional structures in multi-layer ceramic substrate Khoong, L. E.; Tan, Y. M.; Lam, Y. C. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 30, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.03.011	journal	August 2010
Semiconducting properties of cold sintered V2O5 ceramics and Co-sintered V2O5-PEDOT:PSS composites Guo, Jing; Guo, Hanzheng; Heidary, Damoon Sohrabi Baba Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 37, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.11.021	journal	April 2017
Microwave dielectric properties of mineral sillimanite obtained by conventional and cold sintering process Induja, I. J.; Sebastian, M. T. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 37, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2017.01.007	journal	May 2017
Size-dependence of the dielectric breakdown strength from nano- to millimeter scale Neusel, Claudia; Schneider, Gerold A. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 63 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2013.09.009	journal	February 2014
Microwave dielectric properties of cold sintered Al 2 O 3 -NaCl composite Induja, I. J.; Sebastian, M. T. Materials Letters, Vol. 211 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.09.083	journal	January 2018
New prospects in flame retardant polymer materials: From fundamentals to nanocomposites Laoutid, F.; Bonnaud, L.; Alexandre, M. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Vol. 63, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2008.09.002	journal	January 2009
Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing Sinha Ray, Suprakas; Okamoto, Masami Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 28, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2003.08.002	journal	November 2003
Current progress and perspectives of applying cold sintering process to ZrO2-based ceramics Guo, Hanzheng; Bayer, Thorsten J. M.; Guo, Jing Scripta Materialia, Vol. 136 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.02.004	journal	July 2017
Water-assisted flash sintering: Flashing ZnO at room temperature to achieve ~ 98% density in seconds Nie, Jiuyuan; Zhang, Yuanyao; Chan, Jonathan M. Scripta Materialia, Vol. 142 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.08.032	journal	January 2018
Low temperature hydrothermal sintering process for the quasi-complete densification of nanometric α-quartz Ndayishimiye, Arnaud; Largeteau, Alain; Prakasam, Mythili Scripta Materialia, Vol. 145 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.10.023	journal	March 2018
Cold sintering approach to fabrication of high rate performance binderless LiFePO4 cathode with high volumetric capacity Seo, Joo-Hwan; Verlinde, Kris; Guo, Jing Scripta Materialia, Vol. 146 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.12.005	journal	March 2018
Design of 0–3 type nanocomposites using hydrothermal sintering Ndayishimiye, Arnaud; Buffière, Sonia; Dourges, Marie-Anne Scripta Materialia, Vol. 148 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.01.013	journal	April 2018
Inorganic Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries: Mechanisms and Properties Governing Ion Conduction Bachman, John Christopher; Muy, Sokseiha; Grimaud, Alexis Chemical Reviews, Vol. 116, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00563	journal	December 2015
Cold-Sintered Temperature Stable Na _0.5 Bi _0.5 MoO ₄ –Li ₂ MoO ₄ Microwave Composite Ceramics Wang, Dawei; Zhou, Di; Zhang, Shiyu ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03889	journal	December 2017
Flammability Properties of Polymer−Layered-Silicate Nanocomposites. Polypropylene and Polystyrene Nanocomposites ^† Gilman, Jeffrey W.; Jackson, Catheryn L.; Morgan, Alexander B. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm0001760	journal	July 2000
Geologically-inspired strong bulk ceramics made with water at room temperature Bouville, Florian; Studart, André R. Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14655	journal	March 2017
Engineered doping of organic semiconductors for enhanced thermoelectric efficiency Kim, G-H.; Shao, L.; Zhang, K. Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3635	journal	May 2013
Fabrication, characterization, properties and theoretical analysis of ceramic/PVDF composite flexible films with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss Luo, Bingcheng; Wang, Xiaohui; Wang, Yueping J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TA14107A	journal	January 2014
Dielectric materials for applications in microwave communications Cava, R. J. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/b003681l	journal	January 2001
Impact strength of polymer-clay nanocomposites Chen, Biqiong; Evans, Julian R. G. Soft Matter, Vol. 5, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1039/b902073j	journal	January 2009
HREM and STEM of intergranular films at zinc oxide varistor grain boundaries No authors listed Journal of Microscopy, Vol. 191, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2818.1998.00377.x	journal	September 1998
A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices Özgür, Ü.; Alivov, Ya. I.; Liu, C. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 98, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1992666	journal	August 2005
The microstructural location of the intergranular metal-oxide phase in a zinc oxide varistor Clarke, David R. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 49, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.325135	journal	January 1978
Characterization of individual interfacial barriers in a ZnO varistor material Olsson, E.; Dunlop, G. L. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 66, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.344453	journal	October 1989
Polyethylene nanocomposite dielectrics: Implications of nanofiller orientation on high field properties and energy storage Tomer, V.; Polizos, G.; Randall, C. A. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3569696	journal	April 2011
Cold sintering and electrical characterization of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics Wang, Dixiong; Guo, Hanzheng; Morandi, Carl S. APL Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5004420	journal	January 2018
Composite electroceramics Newnham, R. E. Ferroelectrics, Vol. 68, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/00150198608238734	journal	January 1986
On the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency in microwave dielectrics Reaney, I. M.; Wise, P.; Ubic, R. Philosophical Magazine A, Vol. 81, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610108214318	journal	February 2001
The temperature coefficient of capacitance Cockbain, A. G.; Harrop, P. J. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/1/9/302	journal	September 1968
Equation for the effective permittivity of particle-filled composites for material design applications Jylhä, Liisi; Sihvola, Ari Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 40, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/16/032	journal	August 2007
Physical model for breakdown structures in solid dielectrics Dissado, L. A.; Sweeney, P. J. J. Physical Review B, Vol. 48, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.48.16261	journal	December 1993
Small-Polaron Hopping Motion in Some Chalcogenide Glasses Emin, David; Seager, C. H.; Quinn, Rod K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 28, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.28.813	journal	March 1972
Hall-Effect Sign Anomaly and Small-Polaron Conduction in ( La 1 − x Gd x ) 0.67 Ca 0.33 MnO 3 Jaime, M.; Hardner, H. T.; Salamon, M. B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 78, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.951	journal	February 1997
An Interfacial Complex in ZnO and Its Influence on Charge Transport Carlsson, Johan M.; Domingos, Helder S.; Bristowe, Paul D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.165506	journal	October 2003
Electrical Resistivity of Composites McLachlan, David S.; Blaszkiewicz, Michael; Newnham, Robert E. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 73, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb07576.x	journal	August 1990
Grain Growth of ZnO during Bi2O3 Liquid-Phase Sintering Dey, Debashis; Bradt, Richard C. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 75, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb05607.x	journal	September 1992
Overview of Fine-Scale Piezoelectric Ceramic/Polymer Composite Processing Janas, Victor F.; Safari, Ahmad Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 78, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb09068.x	journal	November 1995
Processing and Dielectric Properties of Sillenite Compounds Bi ₁₂ MO _20−δ (M = Si, Ge, Ti, Pb, Mn, B _1/2 P _1/2 ) Valant, Matjaz; Suvorov, Danilo Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 84, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb01112.x	journal	December 2001
Microwave Dielectric Properties and Low-Temperature Cofiring of BaTe4O9 with Aluminum Metal Electrode Kwon, Do-Kyun; Lanagan, Michael T.; Shrout, Thomas R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 88, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00613.x	journal	December 2005
Microwave Dielectric Ceramics for Resonators and Filters in Mobile Phone Networks Reaney, Ian M.; Iddles, David Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 0, Issue 0 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.01025.x	journal	April 2006
Microwave Dielectric Properties of Low Temperature Firing Bi ₂ Mo ₂ O ₉ Ceramic Zhou, Di; Wang, Hong; Yao, Xi Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 91, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02596.x	journal	October 2008
Microwave Dielectric Ceramics in Li ₂ O-Bi ₂ O ₃ -MoO ₃ System with Ultra-Low Sintering Temperatures Zhou, Di; Randall, Clive A.; Wang, Hong Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 93, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03526.x	journal	April 2010
Reoxidation Effects of Ba-Excessive Barium Titanate Ceramics for Laminated Positive Temperature Coefficient Thermistors Liu, Jianqiao; Gong, Shuping; Quan, Lin Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 95, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.05041.x	journal	January 2012
Tape Casting and Dielectric Properties of Zn ₂ Te ₃ O ₈ -Based Ceramics with an Ultra-Low Sintering Temperature Honkamo, Johanna; Jantunen, Heli; Subodh, Ganesanpotti International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2008.02296.x	journal	July 2009
Polymer-Ceramic Composites of 0-3 Connectivity for Circuits in Electronics: A Review Sebastian, Mailadil T.; Jantunen, Heli International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2009.02482.x	journal	January 2010
Polar Nanoregions and Dielectric Properties of BaTiO ₃ -Based Y5V Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors Hong, Jian-Yu; Lu, Hong-Yang Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 97, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.12896	journal	March 2014
Dielectric Properties of Lithium Molybdate Ceramic Fabricated at Room Temperature Kähäri, Hanna; Teirikangas, Merja; Juuti, Jari Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 97, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13277	journal	October 2014
Improvements and Modifications to Room-Temperature Fabrication Method for Dielectric Li ₂ MoO ₄ Ceramics Kähäri, Hanna; Teirikangas, Merja; Juuti, Jari Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 98, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13471	journal	January 2015
Utilizing the Cold Sintering Process for Flexible-Printable Electroceramic Device Fabrication Baker, Amanda; Guo, Hanzheng; Guo, Jing Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 99, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14467	journal	August 2016
Reactive Hydrothermal Liquid-Phase Densification (rHLPD) of Ceramics - A Study of the BaTiO ₃ [TiO ₂ ] Composite System Vakifahmetoglu, Cekdar; Anger, Jean Francois; Atakan, Vahit Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 99, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14468	journal	August 2016
Cold Sintering Process: A Novel Technique for Low-Temperature Ceramic Processing of Ferroelectrics Guo, Hanzheng; Baker, Amanda; Guo, Jing Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 99, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14554	journal	October 2016
Cold sintering process: A new era for ceramic packaging and microwave device development Guo, Jing; Baker, Amanda L.; Guo, Hanzheng Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 100, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14603	journal	October 2016
Demonstration of the cold sintering process study for the densification and grain growth of ZnO ceramics Funahashi, Shuichi; Guo, Jing; Guo, Hanzheng Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 100, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14617	journal	October 2016
Cold sintering process of Li _1.5 Al _0.5 Ge _1.5 (PO ₄ ) ₃ solid electrolyte Berbano, Seth S.; Guo, Jing; Guo, Hanzheng Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 100, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14727	journal	March 2017
Cold sintering and co-firing of a multilayer device with thermoelectric materials Funahashi, Shuichi; Guo, Hanzheng; Guo, Jing Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 100, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14852	journal	April 2017
A Statistical Distribution Function of Wide Applicability Weibull, Waloddi Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4010337	journal	September 1951
MATERIALS SCIENCE: Talking Ceramics Vanderah, T. A. Science, Vol. 298, Issue 5596 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1078489	journal	November 2002
Nonohmic Properties of Zinc Oxide Ceramics Matsuoka, Michio Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.10.736	journal	June 1971
Current Dependence of Voltage Non-linearity in SiC Varistors Masuyama, Takeshi; Matsuoka, Michio Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.7.1294	journal	October 1968
Physical Properties of Composites Near Percolation Nan, C. -W.; Shen, Y.; Ma, Jing Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 40, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070909-104529	journal	June 2010
Hydrothermal Preparation and Sintering of Fine Ceramic Powders Sōmiya, Shigeyuki MRS Proceedings, Vol. 24 https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-24-255	journal	January 1983
Cold sintering: Current status and prospects Maria, Jon-Paul; Kang, Xiaoyu; Floyd, Richard D. Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 32, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2017.262	journal	July 2017
Low-temperature fabrication of titanium metal/barium titanate composite capacitors via hydrothermal method and their dielectric properties Ueno, Shintaro; Sakamoto, Yasunao; Nakashima, Kouichi Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan, Vol. 122, Issue 1426 https://doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.122.447	journal	January 2014

Similar Records

Water‐Mediated Surface Diffusion Mechanism Enables the Cold Sintering Process: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study

Journal Article · Mon Jul 29 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Angewandte Chemie (International Edition) · OSTI ID:1559059

Ceramic–Salt Composite Electrolytes from Cold Sintering

Journal Article · Sun Mar 31 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Advanced Functional Materials · OSTI ID:1504294

Cold Sintering Process of Composites: Bridging the Processing Temperature Gap of Ceramic and Polymer Materials

Journal Article · Wed Aug 17 20:00:00 EDT 2016 · Advanced Functional Materials · OSTI ID:1533010

Recent Progress in Applications of the Cold Sintering Process for Ceramic–Polymer Composites

Citation Formats

References (91)

Similar Records

Related Subjects