Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins

Hill, Karen Koons; Xie, Gary; Foley, Brian T.; Smith, Theresa J.

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.011

Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins

Journal Article · Fri Sep 11 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Toxicon

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.011· OSTI ID:1457238

Hill, Karen Koons ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Smith, Theresa J. ^[2]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
US Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, MD (United States). Molecular and Translational Sciences Division

The recent availability of multiple Clostridium botulinum genomic sequences has initiated a new genomics era that strengthens our understanding of the bacterial species that produce botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). Analysis of the genomes has reinforced the historical Group I–VI designations and provided evidence that the bont genes can be located within the chromosome, phage or plasmids. The sequences provide the opportunity to examine closely the variation among the toxin genes, the composition and organization of the toxin complex, the regions flanking the toxin complex and the location of the toxin within different bacterial strains. These comparisons provide evidence of horizontal gene transfer and site-specific insertion and recombination events that have contributed to the variation observed among the neurotoxins. In this work, examples that have contributed to the variation observed in serotypes A-H strains are presented to illustrate the mechanisms that have contributed to their variation.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Inst. of Health (NIH); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1457238

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--15-23061

Journal Information:: Toxicon, Journal Name: Toxicon Journal Issue: PA Vol. 107; ISSN 0041-0101

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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