Periplasmic Cytophaga hutchinsonii Endoglucanases Are Required for Use of Crystalline Cellulose as the Sole Source of Carbon and Energy

Zhu, Yongtao; Han, Lanlan; Hefferon, Kathleen L.; Silvaggi, Nicholas R.; Wilson, David B.; McBride, Mark J.

doi:10.1128/AEM.01298-16

Title: Periplasmic Cytophaga hutchinsonii Endoglucanases Are Required for Use of Crystalline Cellulose as the Sole Source of Carbon and Energy

Journal Article · Fri Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Applied and Environmental Microbiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01298-16· OSTI ID:1438894

Zhu, Yongtao ^[1]; Han, Lanlan ^[1]; Hefferon, Kathleen L. ^[2]; Silvaggi, Nicholas R. ^[1]; Wilson, David B. ^[2];

^[1]

Univ. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (United States)
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)

The soil bacterium Cytophaga hutchinsonii actively digests crystalline cellulose by a poorly understood mechanism. Genome analyses identified nine genes predicted to encode endoglucanases with roles in this process. We report no predicted cellobiohydrolases, which are usually involved in the utilization of crystalline cellulose, were identified. Chromosomal deletions were performed in eight of the endoglucanase-encoding genes: cel5A, cel5B, cel5C, cel9A, cel9B, cel9C, cel9E, and cel9F. Each mutant retained the ability to digest crystalline cellulose, although the deletion of cel9C caused a modest decrease in cellulose utilization. Strains with multiple deletions were constructed to identify the critical cellulases. Cells of a mutant lacking both cel5B and cel9C were completely deficient in growth on cellulose. Cell fractionation and biochemical analyses indicate that Cel5B and Cel9C are periplasmic nonprocessive endoglucanases. The requirement of periplasmic endoglucanases for cellulose utilization suggests that cellodextrins are transported across the outer membrane during this process. Bioinformatic analyses predict that Cel5A, Cel9A, Cel9B, Cel9D, and Cel9E are secreted across the outer membrane by the type IX secretion system, which has been linked to cellulose utilization. These secreted endoglucanases may perform the initial digestion within amorphous regions on the cellulose fibers, releasing oligomers that are transported into the periplasm for further digestion by Cel5B and Cel9C. The results suggest that both cell surface and periplasmic endoglucanases are required for the growth of C. hutchinsonii on cellulose and that novel cell surface proteins may solubilize and transport cellodextrins across the outer membrane.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); University of WI-Milwaukee Research Growth Initiative Grant; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: MCB-1021721; MCB-1516990; MCB-1157392

OSTI ID:: 1438894

Journal Information:: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 82, Issue 15; ISSN 0099-2240

Publisher:: American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: ENGLISH

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Cited by: 32 works

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