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The Antibiotic Novobiocin Binds and Activates the ATPase That Powers Lipopolysaccharide Transport

Journal Article · · Journal of the American Chemical Society
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b07736· OSTI ID:1430332
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [2];  [1]
  1. Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
  2. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept. of Microbiology
  3. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Novobiocin is an orally active antibiotic that inhibits DNA gyrase by binding the ATP-binding site in the ATPase subunit. Although effective against Gram-positive pathogens, novobiocin has limited activity against Gram-negative organisms due to the presence of the lipopolysaccharide-containing outer membrane, which acts as a permeability barrier. Using a novobiocin-sensitive Escherichia coli strain with a leaky outer membrane, we identified a mutant with increased resistance to novobiocin. Unexpectedly, the mutation that increases novobiocin resistance was not found to alter gyrase, but the ATPase that powers lipopolysaccharide (LPS) transport. Co-crystal structures, biochemical, and genetic evidence show novobiocin directly binds this ATPase. Novobiocin does not bind the ATP binding site but rather the interface between the ATPase subunits and the transmembrane subunits of the LPS transporter. This interaction increases the activity of the LPS transporter, which in turn alters the permeability of the outer membrane. We propose that novobiocin will be a useful tool for understanding how ATP hydrolysis is coupled to LPS transport.
Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1430332
Journal Information:
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the American Chemical Society Journal Issue: 48 Vol. 139; ISSN 0002-7863
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH

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Cited By (9)

Cryo-EM structures of lipopolysaccharide transporter LptB2FGC in lipopolysaccharide or AMP-PNP-bound states reveal its transport mechanism journal September 2019
Structural basis of unidirectional export of lipopolysaccharide to the cell surface journal March 2019
Countering Gram-Negative Antibiotic Resistance: Recent Progress in Disrupting the Outer Membrane with Novel Therapeutics journal September 2019
Structural Basis for the Lipopolysaccharide Export Activity of the Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Transport System journal September 2018
Constructing and deconstructing the bacterial cell wall journal November 2019
Pushing the envelope: LPS modifications and their consequences journal May 2019
Structural and functional investigation of the Small Ribosomal Subunit Biogenesis GTP ase A (RsgA) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa journal July 2019
Creative targeting of the Gram‐negative outer membrane in antibiotic discovery journal September 2019
Combining Mutations That Inhibit Two Distinct Steps of the ATP Hydrolysis Cycle Restores Wild-Type Function in the Lipopolysaccharide Transporter and Shows that ATP Binding Triggers Transport journal August 2019

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