Effect of chlorination on the TlBr band edges for improved room temperature radiation detectors: Effect of chlorination on the TlBr band edges for radiation detectors

Varley, J. B.; Conway, A. M.; Voss, L. F.; Swanberg, E.; Graff, R. T.; Nikolic, R. J.; Payne, S. A.; Lordi, V.; Nelson, A. J.

doi:10.1002/pssb.201451662

Title: Effect of chlorination on the TlBr band edges for improved room temperature radiation detectors: Effect of chlorination on the TlBr band edges for radiation detectors

Journal Article · Mon Feb 09 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Physica Status Solidi B. Basic Solid State Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.201451662· OSTI ID:1418904

Varley, J. B. ^[1]; Conway, A. M. ^[1]; Voss, L. F. ^[1]; Swanberg, E. ^[1]; Graff, R. T. ^[1]; Nikolic, R. J. ^[1]; Payne, S. A. ^[1]; Lordi, V. ^[1]; Nelson, A. J. ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Thallium bromide (TlBr) crystals subjected to hydrochloric acid (HCl) chemical treatments have been shown to advantageously affect device performance and longevity in TlBr-based room temperature radiation detectors, yet the exact mechanisms of the improvements remain poorly understood. Here in this paper, we investigate the influence of several HCl chemical treatments on device-grade TlBr and describe the changes in the composition and electronic structure of the surface. Composition analysis and depth profiles obtained from secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) identify the extent to which each HCl etch condition affects the detector surface region and forms of a graded TlBr/TlBr_1-xCL_x surface heterojunction. Using a combination of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and hybrid density functional calculations, we are able to determine the valence band offsets, band gaps, and conduction band offsets as a function of Cl content over the entire composition range of TIBr_1-xC1_X. This study establishes a strong correlation between device process conditions, surface chemistry, and electronic structure with the goal of further optimizing the long-term stability and radiation response of TlBr-based detectors.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1418904

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-661938

Journal Information:: Physica Status Solidi B. Basic Solid State Physics, Vol. 252, Issue 6; ISSN 0370-1972

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 3 works

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Title: Effect of chlorination on the TlBr band edges for improved room temperature radiation detectors: Effect of chlorination on the TlBr band edges for radiation detectors

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