Comparing ecosystem and soil respiration: Review and key challenges of tower-based and soil measurements

Barba, Josep; Cueva, Alejandro; Bahn, Michael; Barron-Gafford, Greg A.; Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin; Hanson, Paul J.; Jaimes, Aline; Kulmala, Liisa; Pumpanen, Jukka; Scott, Russell L.; Wohlfahrt, Georg; Vargas, Rodrigo

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.10.028

Comparing ecosystem and soil respiration: Review and key challenges of tower-based and soil measurements

Journal Article · Wed Jan 31 23:00:00 EST 2018 · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.10.028· OSTI ID:1416670

Barba, Josep; Cueva, Alejandro; Bahn, Michael; Barron-Gafford, Greg A.; Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin; Hanson, Paul J.; Jaimes, Aline; Kulmala, Liisa; Pumpanen, Jukka; Scott, Russell L.; Wohlfahrt, Georg; Vargas, Rodrigo

The net ecosystem exchange (NEE) is the difference between ecosystem CO2 assimilation and CO2 losses to the atmosphere. Ecosystem respiration (Reco), the efflux of CO2 from the ecosystem to the atmosphere, includes the soil-to-atmosphere carbon flux (i.e., soil respiration; Rsoil) and aboveground plant respiration. Therefore, Rsoil is a fraction of Reco and by definition has to be smaller than Reco at annual, seasonal and daily scales. However, several studies estimating Reco with the eddy covariance technique and measuring Rsoil within the footprint of the tower have reported higher Rsoil than Reco at different time scales. Here, we compare four different and contrasting ecosystems (from forest to grasslands, and from boreal to semiarid) to study whether, and under what conditions, measurements of Reco are lower than Rsoil. In general, both fluxes showed similar temporal patterns, but Reco was not consistently higher than Rsoil from daily to annual scales across sites. We identified several issues that apply for measuring NEE and measuring/upscaling Rsoil that could result in an underestimation of Reco and/or an overestimation of Rsoil. These issues are discussed based on (a) nighttime measurements of NEE, (b) Rsoil measurements, and (c) the interpretation of the functional relationships of these fluxes with temperature (i.e., Q10). We highlight that there is still a need for better integration of Rsoil with eddy covariance measurements to address challenges related to spatial and temporal variability of Reco and Rsoil.

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (US)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1416670

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-124283; KP1702010

Journal Information:: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Name: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Journal Issue: C Vol. 249; ISSN 0168-1923

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Environmental and Vegetative Controls on Soil CO2 Efflux in Three Semiarid Ecosystems Roby, Matthew C.; Scott, Russell L.; Barron-Gafford, Greg A. Soil Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems3010006	journal	January 2019
SCFSen: A Sensor Node for Regional Soil Carbon Flux Monitoring Wang, Guoying; Wu, Xiaoping; Mo, Lufeng Sensors, Vol. 18, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113986	journal	November 2018
California air resources board forest carbon protocol invalidates offsets Marino, Bruno D. V.; Mincheva, Martina; Doucett, Aaron PeerJ, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7606	journal	January 2019
Reconciling Negative Soil CO2 Fluxes: Insights from a Large-Scale Experimental Hillslope Cueva, Alejandro; Volkmann, Till H. M.; Haren, Joost van Soil Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems3010010	journal	January 2019
Soil respiration of four forests along elevation gradient in northern subtropical China Ma, Mingzhe; Zang, Zhenhua; Xie, Zongqiang Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 9, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5762	journal	November 2019
Climate drivers of the terrestrial carbon cycle variability in Europe Messori, G.; Ruiz-Pérez, G.; Manzoni, S. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab1ac0	journal	May 2019
Soil Respiration Variability and Correlation Across a Wide Range of Temporal Scales Bond‐Lamberty, Ben; Pennington, Stephanie C.; Jian, Jinshi Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 124, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jg005265	journal	November 2019
Global satellite-driven estimates of heterotrophic respiration Konings, Alexandra G.; Bloom, A. Anthony; Liu, Junjie Biogeosciences, Vol. 16, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2269-2019	journal	January 2019

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