High-Mach number, laser-driven magnetized collisionless shocks

Schaeffer, Derek B.; Fox, W.; Haberberger, D.; Fiksel, G.; Bhattacharjee, A.; Barnak, D. H.; Hu, S. X.; Germaschewski, K.; Follett, R. K.

doi:10.1063/1.4989562

Title: High-Mach number, laser-driven magnetized collisionless shocks

Journal Article · Fri Dec 08 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4989562· OSTI ID:1411868

Schaeffer, Derek B. ^[1];

^[2]; Haberberger, D. ^[3]; Fiksel, G. ^[4]; Bhattacharjee, A. ^[5];

^[3]; Hu, S. X. ^[3];

^[6]; Follett, R. K. ^[3]

Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Univ. of Rochester, Rochester, NY (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)

Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous in space and astrophysical systems, and the class of supercritical shocks is of particular importance due to their role in accelerating particles to high energies. While these shocks have been traditionally studied by spacecraft and remote sensing observations, laboratory experiments can provide reproducible and multi-dimensional datasets that provide complementary understanding of the underlying microphysics. We present experiments undertaken on the OMEGA and OMEGA EP laser facilities that show the formation and evolution of high-Mach number collisionless shocks created through the interaction of a laser-driven magnetic piston and magnetized ambient plasma. Through time-resolved, 2-D imaging we observe large density and magnetic compressions that propagate at super-Alfvenic speeds and that occur over ion kinetic length scales. Electron density and temperature of the initial ambient plasma are characterized using optical Thomson scattering. Measurements of the piston laser-plasma are modeled with 2-D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, which are used to initialize 2-D particle-in-cell simulations of the interaction between the piston and ambient plasmas. The numerical results show the formation of collisionless shocks, including the separate dynamics of the carbon and hydrogen ions that constitute the ambient plasma and their effect on the shock structure. Furthermore, the simulations also show the shock separating from the piston, which we observe in the data at late experimental times.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF); Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002731; AC05-00OR22725; SC00016249; SC0008655

OSTI ID:: 1411868

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1412000

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 12; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 16 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (54)

HELIOS-CR – A 1-D radiation-magnetohydrodynamics code with inline atomic kinetics modeling MacFarlane, J. J.; Golovkin, I. E.; Woodruff, P. R. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 99, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2005.05.031	journal	May 2006
Note: Experimental platform for magnetized high-energy-density plasma studies at the omega laser facility Fiksel, G.; Agliata, A.; Barnak, D. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4905625	journal	January 2015
The design of laboratory experiments to produce collisionless shocks of cosmic relevance Drake, R. P. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1314625	journal	November 2000
Experimental study of subcritical laboratory magnetized collisionless shocks using a laser-driven magnetic piston Schaeffer, D. B.; Everson, E. T.; Bondarenko, A. S. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4934983	journal	November 2015
A model of the pre-Sedov expansion phase of supernova remnant-ambient plasma coupling and X-ray emission from SN 1987A Spicer, D. S.; Maran, S. P.; Clark, R. W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 356 https://doi.org/10.1086/168862	journal	June 1990
Electron acceleration to relativistic energies at a strong quasi-parallel shock wave Masters, A.; Stawarz, L.; Fujimoto, M. Nature Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2541	journal	February 2013
Surfatron and Stochastic Acceleration of Electrons at Supernova Remnant Shocks McClements, K. G.; Dieckmann, M. E.; Ynnerman, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 87, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.255002	journal	November 2001
Energetic proton generation in ultra-intense laser–solid interactions Wilks, S. C.; Langdon, A. B.; Cowan, T. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 2, p. 542-549 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1333697	journal	February 2001
Fast Magnetic Reconnection in Laser-Produced Plasma Bubbles Fox, W.; Bhattacharjee, A.; Germaschewski, K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.215003	journal	May 2011
Collisionless momentum transfer in space and astrophysical explosions Bondarenko, A. S.; Schaeffer, D. B.; Everson, E. T. Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4041	journal	February 2017
The upgraded Large Plasma Device, a machine for studying frontier basic plasma physics Gekelman, W.; Pribyl, P.; Lucky, Z. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4941079	journal	February 2016
Stochastic electron acceleration during spontaneous turbulent reconnection in a strong shock wave Matsumoto, Y.; Amano, T.; Kato, T. N. Science, Vol. 347, Issue 6225 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1260168	journal	February 2015
Generation of magnetized collisionless shocks by a novel, laser-driven magnetic piston Schaeffer, D. B.; Everson, E. T.; Winske, D. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4736846	journal	July 2012
Measurement of Electron Temperatures produced by Collisionless Shock Waves in a Magnetized Plasma Paul, J. W. M.; Goldenbaum, G. C.; Iiyoshi, A. Nature, Vol. 216, Issue 5113 https://doi.org/10.1038/216363a0	journal	October 1967
Simulations of ion Acceleration at Non-Relativistic Shocks. i. Acceleration Efficiency Caprioli, D.; Spitkovsky, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 783, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/783/2/91	journal	February 2014
Detection of the Characteristic Pion-Decay Signature in Supernova Remnants Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A. Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6121 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1231160	journal	February 2013
Optical diagnostic suite (schlieren, interferometry, and grid image refractometry) on OMEGA EP using a 10-ps, 263-nm probe beam Froula, D. H.; Boni, R.; Bedzyk, M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4733739	journal	October 2012
Magnetohydrodynamic scaling: From astrophysics to the laboratory Ryutov, D. D.; Remington, B. A.; Robey, H. F. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1344562	journal	May 2001
Absolute dosimetric characterization of Gafchromic EBT3 and HDv2 films using commercial flat-bed scanners and evaluation of the scanner response function variability Chen, S. N.; Gauthier, M.; Bazalova-Carter, M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4954921	journal	July 2016
Modeling Astrophysical Phenomena in the Laboratory with Intense Lasers Remington, B. A. Science, Vol. 284, Issue 5419 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.284.5419.1488	journal	May 1999
Collisionless interaction of an energetic laser produced plasma with a large magnetoplasma Constantin, C.; Gekelman, W.; Pribyl, P. Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 322, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-009-0012-z	journal	March 2009
On the generation of magnetized collisionless shocks in the large plasma device Schaeffer, D. B.; Winske, D.; Larson, D. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4978882	journal	April 2017
Measurements of electron density profiles using an angular filter refractometer Haberberger, D.; Ivancic, S.; Hu, S. X. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873899	journal	May 2014
Hydrodynamic simulations of long-scale-length two-plasmon–decay experiments at the Omega Laser Facility Michel, D. T.; Edgell, D. H.; Froula, D. H. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4794285	journal	March 2013
Early-Time Model of Laser Plasma Expansion Wright, Thomas P. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 14, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1693699	journal	January 1971
Collisionless shocks in laser-produced plasma generate monoenergetic high-energy proton beams Haberberger, Dan; Tochitsky, Sergei; Fiuza, Frederico Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2130	journal	November 2011
The distant geomagnetic field: 3. Disorder and shocks in the magnetopause Sonett, C. P.; Abrams, I. J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 68, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ068i005p01233	journal	March 1963
Magnetic fields at the solar wind termination shock Burlaga, L. F.; Ness, N. F.; Acuña, M. H. Nature, Vol. 454, Issue 7200 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07029	journal	July 2008
TRIDENT high-energy-density facility experimental capabilities and diagnostics Batha, S. H.; Aragonez, R.; Archuleta, F. L. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 79, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2972020	journal	October 2008
The physics of ion decoupling in magnetized plasma expansions: PHYSICS OF ION DECOUPLING IN PLASMA EXPANSIONS Hewett, Dennis W.; Brecht, Stephen H.; Larson, David J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 116, Issue A11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JA016904	journal	November 2011
Dynamics of exploding plasmas in a large magnetized plasma Niemann, C.; Gekelman, W.; Constantin, C. G. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4773911	journal	January 2013
Observation of collisionless shocks in a large current-free laboratory plasma Niemann, C.; Gekelman, W.; Constantin, C. G. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061820	journal	November 2014
Hybrid simulation of shock formation for super-Alfvénic expansion of laser ablated debris through an ambient, magnetized plasma Clark, S. E.; Winske, D.; Schaeffer, D. B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4819251	journal	August 2013
The collisionless deceleration of an ionized cloud dispersing in a uniform plasma in a magnetic field Bashurin, V. P.; Golubev, A. I.; Terekhin, V. A. Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, Vol. 24, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00905870	journal	January 1984
Quasiperpendicular High Mach Number Shocks Sulaiman, A. H.; Masters, A.; Dougherty, M. K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.125001	journal	September 2015
Time Evolution of Collisionless Shock in Counterstreaming Laser-Produced Plasmas Kuramitsu, Y.; Sakawa, Y.; Morita, T. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.175002	journal	April 2011
Observation of magnetic field generation via the Weibel instability in interpenetrating plasma flows Huntington, C. M.; Fiuza, F.; Ross, J. S. Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3178	journal	January 2015
Jupiter's Magnetic Field. Magnetosphere, and Interaction with the Solar Wind: Pioneer 11 Smith, E. J.; Davis, L.; Jones, D. E. Science, Vol. 188, Issue 4187 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.188.4187.451	journal	May 1975
Saturn's Magnetic Field and Magnetosphere Smith, E. J.; Davis, L.; Jones, D. E. Science, Vol. 207, Issue 4429 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.207.4429.407	journal	January 1980
Cosmic γ-ray background from structure formation in the intergalactic medium Loeb, Abraham; Waxman, Eli Nature, Vol. 405, Issue 6783 https://doi.org/10.1038/35012018	journal	May 2000
Particle acceleration by astrophysical shocks Blandford, R. D.; Ostriker, J. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 221 https://doi.org/10.1086/182658	journal	April 1978
Observation of Collisionless Shocks in Laser-Plasma Experiments Romagnani, L.; Bulanov, S. V.; Borghesi, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.025004	journal	July 2008
A reflective optical transport system for ultraviolet Thomson scattering from electron plasma waves on OMEGA Katz, J.; Boni, R.; Sorce, C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4733551	journal	October 2012
Collisionless laboratory astrophysics with lasers Zakharov, Y. P. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 31, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2003.820957	journal	December 2003
The upgrade to the OMEGA laser system Boehly, T. R.; Craxton, R. S.; Hinterman, T. H. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 66, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1146333	journal	January 1995
Small‐Scale Structure of the SN 1006 Shock with Chandra Observations Bamba, Aya; Yamazaki, Ryo; Ueno, Masaru The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 589, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/374687	journal	June 2003
Invited Article: Relation between electric and magnetic field structures and their proton-beam images Kugland, N. L.; Ryutov, D. D.; Plechaty, C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4750234	journal	October 2012
Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas Fox, W.; Fiksel, G.; Bhattacharjee, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.225002	journal	November 2013
Experimental Observations on the Structure of Collisionless Shock Waves in a Magnetized Plasma Paul, J. W. M.; Holmes, L. S.; Parkinson, M. J. Nature, Vol. 208, Issue 5006 https://doi.org/10.1038/208133a0	journal	October 1965
The Plasma Simulation Code: A modern particle-in-cell code with patch-based load-balancing Germaschewski, Kai; Fox, William; Abbott, Stephen Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 318 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2016.05.013	journal	August 2016
Plasma characterization using ultraviolet Thomson scattering from ion-acoustic and electron plasma waves (invited) Follett, R. K.; Delettrez, J. A.; Edgell, D. H. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4959160	journal	July 2016
Origin of ultra-high-energy γ-rays from Cygnus X-3 and related sources Kazanas, Demosthenes; Ellison, Donald C. Nature, Vol. 319, Issue 6052 https://doi.org/10.1038/319380a0	journal	January 1986
High-Energy Petawatt Capability for the Omega Laser Waxer, L. J.; Maywar, D. N.; Kelly, J. H. Optics and Photonics News, Vol. 16, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1364/OPN.16.7.000030	journal	January 2005
Magnetic Reconnection between Colliding Magnetized Laser-Produced Plasma Plumes Fiksel, G.; Fox, W.; Bhattacharjee, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.105003	journal	September 2014

Cited By (3)

Kinetic simulation of magnetic field generation and collisionless shock formation in expanding laboratory plasmas Fox, W.; Matteucci, J.; Moissard, C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5050813	journal	October 2018
Full particle-in-cell simulation of the interaction between two plasmas for laboratory experiments on the generation of magnetized collisionless shocks with high-power lasers Umeda, Takayuki; Yamazaki, Ryo; Ohira, Yutaka Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5079906	journal	March 2019
Kinetic simulation of magnetic field generation and collisionless shock formation in expanding laboratory plasmas Fox, W.; Matteucci, J.; Moissard, C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.00152	text	January 2017

Similar Records

Generation and Evolution of High-Mach-Number Laser-Driven Magnetized Collisionless Shocks in the Laboratory

Journal Article · Thu Jul 13 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1411868

Schaeffer, D. B.; Fox, W.; Haberberger, D.; +5 more

Direct Observations of Particle Dynamics in Magnetized Collisionless Shock Precursors in Laser-Produced Plasmas

Journal Article · Fri Jun 21 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1411868

Schaeffer, Derek B.; Fox, W.; Follett, R. K.; +5 more

Laser-driven, magnetized quasi-perpendicular collisionless shocks on the Large Plasma Device

Journal Article · Thu May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:1411868

Everson, E. T.; Bondarenko, A. S.; Clark, S. E.; +7 more

Related Subjects

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
laboratory astrophysics
high energy density physics
collisionless shocks
magnetized plasmas
particle-in-cell codes
proton radiography

Title: High-Mach number, laser-driven magnetized collisionless shocks

Citation Formats

References (54)

Cited By (3)

Similar Records

Related Subjects