Tuning the Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Selective Li‐ and Na‐Ion Storage in Hard Carbon

Soto, Fernando A.; Yan, Pengfei; Engelhard, Mark H.; Marzouk, Asma; Wang, Chongmin; Xu, Guiliang; Chen, Zonghai; Amine, Khalil; Liu, Jun; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; El‐Mellouhi, Fedwa; Balbuena, Perla B.; Li, Xiaolin

doi:10.1002/adma.201606860

Tuning the Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Selective Li‐ and Na‐Ion Storage in Hard Carbon

Journal Article · Mon Mar 06 23:00:00 EST 2017 · Advanced Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201606860· OSTI ID:1401893

Soto, Fernando A. ^[1]; Yan, Pengfei ^[2]; Engelhard, Mark H. ^[2]; Marzouk, Asma ^[3]; Wang, Chongmin ^[2]; Xu, Guiliang ^[4]; Chen, Zonghai ^[4]; Amine, Khalil ^[4]; Liu, Jun ^[2]; Sprenkle, Vincent L. ^[2]; El‐Mellouhi, Fedwa ^[3]; Balbuena, Perla B. ^[1]; Li, Xiaolin ^[2]

Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&,M University College Station TX 77843‐3122 USA
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard Richland WA 99354 USA
Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University P.O. Box 5825 Doha Qatar
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne IL 60439 USA

Solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) films with controllable properties are highly desirable for improving battery performance. In this paper, a combined experimental and theoretical approach is used to study SEI films formed on hard carbon in Li‐ and Na‐ion batteries. It is shown that a stable SEI layer can be designed by precycling an electrode in a desired Li‐ or Na‐based electrolyte, and that ionic transport can be kinetically controlled. Selective Li‐ and Na‐based SEI membranes are produced using Li‐ or Na‐based electrolytes, respectively. The Na‐based SEI allows easy transport of Li ions, while the Li‐based SEI shuts off Na‐ion transport. Na‐ion storage can be manipulated by tuning the SEI layer with film‐forming electrolyte additives, or by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface. The Na specific capacity can be controlled to < 25 mAh g ⁻¹ ; ≈ 1/10 of the normal capacity (250 mAh g ⁻¹ ). Unusual selective/preferential transport of Li ions is demonstrated by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface and corroborated with a mixed electrolyte. This work may provide new guidance for preparing good ion‐selective conductors using electrochemical approaches.

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1401893

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1367223
OSTI ID: 1372989

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 18 Vol. 29; ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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