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Tuning the Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Selective Li- and Na-Ion Storage in Hard Carbon

Journal Article · · Advanced Materials
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [4];  [4];  [4];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [2]
  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77843-3122 USA
  2. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard Richland WA 99354 USA
  3. Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 5825 Doha Qatar
  4. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne IL 60439 USA

Solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) films with controllable properties are highly desirable for improving battery performance. In this paper, a combined experimental and theoretical approach is used to study SEI films formed on hard carbon in Li- and Na-ion batteries. It is shown that a stable SEI layer can be designed by precycling an electrode in a desired Li- or Na-based electrolyte, and that ionic transport can be kinetically controlled. Selective Li- and Na-based SEI membranes are produced using Li- or Na-based electrolytes, respectively. The Na-based SEI allows easy transport of Li ions, while the Li-based SEI shuts off Na-ion transport. Na-ion storage can be manipulated by tuning the SEI layer with film-forming electrolyte additives, or by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface. The Na specific capacity can be controlled to < 25 mAh g(-1); approximate to 1/10 of the normal capacity (250 mAh g(-1)). Unusual selective/ preferential transport of Li ions is demonstrated by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface and corroborated with a mixed electrolyte. This work may provide new guidance for preparing good ion-selective conductors using electrochemical approaches.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
DOE Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1367223
Journal Information:
Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 18 Vol. 29; ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher:
Wiley
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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