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Maternal exposures in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study: Time trends of selected exposures

Journal Article · · Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.23377· OSTI ID:1401619
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1]
  1. National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta Georgia
  2. National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta Georgia, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge Tennessee
  3. Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch Texas Department of State Health Services Austin Texas
  4. Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts
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Background

Our objective was to describe time trends in selected pregnancy exposures in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS).

Methods

We analyzed data from the NBDPS, a multi‐site case–control study of major birth defects, for mothers of live‐born infants without birth defects (controls), with an expected date of delivery (EDD) from 1998 to 2011. Mothers from the 10 participating centers across the United States were interviewed by phone between 6 weeks and 2 years after the EDD. We focused on maternal race/ethnicity and five maternal risk factors: obesity, use of folic acid‐containing multivitamins, opioid analgesics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and loratadine because of their prevalence of use and some reports of associations with major birth defects. Prevalence time trends were examined using the Kendall's τ β test statistic.

Results

The exposure trend analysis included 11,724 control mothers with EDDs from 1998 to 2011. We observed a significant increase in obesity prevalence among control mothers, as well as use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and loratadine. We also observed an increase in periconceptional use of folic acid‐containing multivitamins. Some of the time trends varied by race/ethnicity. No remarkable trend in the overall use of opioid analgesics was observed. The racial/ethnic distribution of mothers changed slightly during the study period.

Conclusion

Long‐term, population‐based case–control studies continue to be an effective way to assess exposure‐birth defects associations and provide guidance to health care providers. However, investigators examining rare outcomes covering many years of data collection need to be cognizant of time trends in exposures. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:703–712, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
OSTI ID:
1401619
Journal Information:
Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology, Journal Name: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 103; ISSN 1542-0752
Publisher:
Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
Country unknown/Code not available
Language:
English

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