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Lithium malonatoborate additives enabled stable cycling of 5 V lithium metal and lithium ion batteries

Journal Article · · Nano Energy
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [5]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Chemical Sciences Division; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division
  3. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS)
  4. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Chemical Sciences Division; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  5. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
+ Show Author Affiliations

A series of lithium difluoro-2-fluoro-2-alkyl-malonatoborate salts have been used as additives in conventional 1.0 M LiPF6/ethylene carbonate (EC)-dimethyl carbonate (DMC)-diethyl carbonate (DEC) (1-1-1, by v) electrolyte for high voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) batteries. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) reveals that the electrolytes with additives can significantly suppress the co-intercalation of solvents into the graphene layers during the first cycle, simply because of their sacrificial reductions on the surface of the graphite electrode above 1.0 V vs Li/Li+. In addition, electrochemical floating test shows less oxidation current in the electrolytes with additives at voltages above 5.0 V, proving good oxidation protection by the additives. More importantly, the presence of additives can effectively increase the first cycle coulombic efficiencies and long cycling stability in LNMO based half-cells and full cells. SEM and XPS survey of the cycled anode and cathode electrodes provide evidence for the formation of passivation layers. Lastly, these passivation layers can also protect the surface of current collector from corrosion, confirming that these new salts are effective additives in conventional electrolytes for high-voltage lithium ion batteries.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
DOE Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1394292
Journal Information:
Nano Energy, Journal Name: Nano Energy Vol. 40; ISSN 2211-2855
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Additives
High-Voltage batteries
LiNi1.5Mn0.5O4 (LNMO)
Lithium malonatoborate salts
Solid Electrolyte Interfaces (SEI)