Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naïve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine

Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven I.; Pacheco, Juan M.; Hartwig, Ethan J.; Smoliga, George R.; Kenney, Mary A.; Golde, William T.; Rodriguez, Luis L.; Arzt, Jonathan

doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0838-x

Title: Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naïve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine

Journal Article · Thu Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · BMC Veterinary Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0838-x· OSTI ID:1618646

Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven I.; Pacheco, Juan M.; Hartwig, Ethan J.; Smoliga, George R.; Kenney, Mary A.; Golde, William T.; Rodriguez, Luis L.; Arzt, Jonathan

In order to investigate host factors associated with the establishment of persistent foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection, the systemic response to vaccination and challenge was studied in 47 steers. Eighteen steers that had received a recombinant FMDV A vaccine 2 weeks earlier and 29 non-vaccinated steers were challenged by intra-nasopharyngeal deposition of FMDV A24. For up to 35 days after challenge, host factors including complete blood counts with T lymphocyte subsets, type I/III interferon (IFN) activity, neutralizing and total FMDV-specific antibody titers in serum, as well as antibody-secreting cells (in 6 non-vaccinated animals) were characterized in the context of viral infection dynamics. As a result, vaccination generally induced a strong antibody response. There was a transient peak of FMDV-specific serum IgM in non-vaccinated animals after challenge, while IgM levels in vaccinated animals did not increase further. Both groups had a lasting increase of specific IgG and neutralizing antibody after challenge. Substantial systemic IFN activity in non-vaccinated animals coincided with viremia, and no IFN or viremia was detected in vaccinated animals. After challenge, circulating lymphocytes decreased in non-vaccinated animals, coincident with viremia, IFN activity, and clinical disease, whereas lymphocyte and monocyte counts in vaccinated animals were unaffected by vaccination but transiently increased after challenge. The CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cell ratio in non-vaccinated animals increased during acute infection, driven by an absolute decrease of CD8⁺ cells. In conclusion, the incidence of FMDV persistence was 61.5 % in non-vaccinated and 54.5 % in vaccinated animals. Overall, the systemic factors examined were not associated with the FMDV carrier/non-carrier divergence; however, significant differences were identified between responses of non-vaccinated and vaccinated cattle.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1618646

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1375812

Journal Information:: BMC Veterinary Research, Journal Name: BMC Veterinary Research Vol. 12 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 1746-6148

Publisher:: Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Cited by: 24 works

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Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naïve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine [Supplemental Data] Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3627017 The current record is supplemented by this collection	collection	September 2016
Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naïve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine [Supplemental Data] Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3627017.v1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	September 2016
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naĂŻve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3627017_d1 The current record is supplemented by this text	text	January 2016
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naïve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3627017_d1.v1 The current record is supplemented by this figure	figure	September 2016
Additional file 2:Â Table S1. of Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naĂŻve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven https://doi.org/10.6084/M9.FIGSHARE.C.3627017_D2 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2016
Additional file 2: Table S1. of Systemic immune response and virus persistence after foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of naïve cattle and cattle vaccinated with a homologous adenovirus-vectored vaccine Eschbaumer, Michael; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Rekant, Steven https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3627017_d2.v1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	September 2016