Electrochemical generation of sulfur vacancies in the basal plane of MoS2 for hydrogen evolution

Tsai, Charlie; Li, Hong; Park, Sangwook; Park, Joonsuk; Han, Hyun Soo; Nørskov, Jens K.; Zheng, Xiaolin; Abild-Pedersen, Frank

doi:10.1038/ncomms15113

Title: Electrochemical generation of sulfur vacancies in the basal plane of MoS2 for hydrogen evolution

Journal Article · Fri Apr 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15113· OSTI ID:1360913

^[1];

^[2]; Park, Sangwook ^[3]; Park, Joonsuk ^[4]; Han, Hyun Soo ^[3]; Nørskov, Jens K. ^[1]; Zheng, Xiaolin ^[3]; Abild-Pedersen, Frank ^[1]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States). SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; Nanyang Technological Univ. (Singapore). School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Material Science and Engineering

Recently, sulfur (S)-vacancies created on the basal plane of 2H-molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) using argon plasma exposure exhibited higher intrinsic activity for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction than the edge sites and metallic 1T-phase of MoS₂ catalysts. But, a more industrially viable alternative to the argon plasma desulfurization process is needed. In this work, we introduce a scalable route towards generating S-vacancies on the MoS₂ basal plane using electrochemical desulfurization. We found that they can be electrochemically reduced under accessible applied potentials, even though sulfur atoms on the basal plane are known to be stable and inert. This can be done on various 2H-MoS₂ nanostructures. Furthermore, by changing the applied desulfurization potential, the extent of desulfurization and the resulting activity can be varied. The resulting active sites are stable under extended desulfurization durations and show consistent HER activity.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1360913

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 8; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 474 works

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High-performance monolayer MoS ₂ field-effect transistor with large-scale nitrogen-doped graphene electrodes for Ohmic contact Seo, Dongjea; Lee, Dong Yun; Kwon, Junyoung Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5094682	journal	July 2019
On the nature of trapped states in an MoS ₂ two-dimensional semiconductor with sulfur vacancies Ben-Melech Stan, Gabriela; Caspary Toroker, Maytal Molecular Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 15-16 https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2019.1576931	journal	February 2019
Achieving half-metallicity in zigzag MoS ₂ nanoribbon with a sulfur vacancy by edge passivation Zhou, X. Y.; Wang, R.; Meng, L. J. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aac7df	journal	June 2018
Electronic structure and the hydrogen evolution reaction in layered ReS ₂ regulated by alkali-metal atom intercalation Zhou, Gan; Xiong, Tao; Shan, Yun Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aaff47	journal	February 2019
Strain-Enhanced $p$ Doping in Monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$ Choi, Minseok Physical Review Applied, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.9.024009	journal	February 2018
NiS _x @MoS ₂ heterostructure prepared by atomic layer deposition as high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysts in alkaline media He, Zuyun; Guo, Zheng; Wa, Qingbo Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 35, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2019.325	journal	November 2019
Earth-Abundant Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers Sun, Xinwei; Xu, Kaiqi; Fleischer, Christian Catalysts, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120657	journal	December 2018
Insertion of Platinum Nanoparticles into MoS2 Nanoflakes for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Li, Dan; Li, Yang; Zhang, Bowei Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091520	journal	August 2018
Metal-Organic Precursor-Derived Mesoporous Carbon Spheres with Homogeneously Distributed Molybdenum Carbide/Nitride Nanoparticles for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Media Li, Shuang; Cheng, Chong; Sagaltchik, Anton Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201807419	journal	November 2018
Coupling Interface Constructions of MoS ₂ /Fe ₅ Ni ₄ S ₈ Heterostructures for Efficient Electrochemical Water Splitting Wu, Yi; Li, Fan; Chen, Wenlong Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201803151	journal	August 2018
Activation of MoS ₂ Basal Planes for Hydrogen Evolution by Zinc Wu, Wenzhuo; Niu, Chunyao; Wei, Cong Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201812475	journal	January 2019
Activating Transition Metal Dichalcogenides by Substitutional Nitrogen‐Doping for Potential ORR Electrocatalysts Singh, Yashpal; Back, Seoin; Jung, Yousung ChemElectroChem, Vol. 5, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201801003	journal	October 2018
Noble Metal-Free Nanocatalysts with Vacancies for Electrochemical Water Splitting Yang, Min-Quan; Wang, Jing; Wu, Hao Small, Vol. 14, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201703323	journal	January 2018
Surface Engineering of MoS ₂ via Laser‐Induced Exfoliation in Protic Solvents Gao, Zhi‐Wen; Liu, Mengjie; Zheng, Weiran Small, Vol. 15, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903791	journal	September 2019
Phase-Engineered Weyl Semi-Metallic Mo _x W _1-x Te ₂ Nanosheets as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Hudie, Shemsia Mohammed; Lee, Chuan-Pei; Mathew, Roshan Jesus Solar RRL, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201800314	journal	January 2019
Novel structured transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets Zhang, Xiao; Lai, Zhuangchai; Ma, Qinglang Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 47, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00094h	journal	January 2018
Tuning the catalytic activity of heterogeneous two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides for hydrogen evolution Noh, Seung Hyo; Hwang, Jeemin; Kang, Joonhee Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta07141a	journal	January 2018
Tuning the phase stability of Mo-based TMD monolayers through coupled vacancy defects and lattice strain Tang, Qing Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tc03430c	journal	January 2018
Spontaneous full photocatalytic water splitting on 2D MoSe ₂ /SnSe ₂ and WSe ₂ /SnSe ₂ vdW heterostructures Fan, Yingcai; Wang, Junru; Zhao, Mingwen Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr03469b	journal	January 2019
Theoretical investigation of the vertical dielectric screening dependence on defects for few-layered van der Waals materials Singh, Amit; Lee, Seunghan; Bae, Hyeonhu RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 69 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07700f	journal	January 2019
Activating MoS ₂ basal planes for hydrogen evolution through direct CVD morphology control Dong, Lianqing; Guo, Shaoqiang; Wang, Yuyan Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08738a	journal	January 2019
Physical effects of passivation and creation of sulphur vacancy in MoS ₂ nanoparticles Roshini, R. Anu; Kannan, E. S. Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4634	journal	September 2019
MoS2 Coexisting in 1T and 2H Phases Synthesized by Common Hydrothermal Method for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Yao, Yixin; Ao, Kelong; Lv, Pengfei Nanomaterials, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9060844	journal	June 2019
Atomically engineering activation sites onto metallic 1T-MoS2 catalysts for enhanced electrochemical hydrogen evolution Huang, Yichao; Sun, Yuanhui; Zheng, Xueli Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08877-9	journal	February 2019
Electrochemical activity of 1T′ structured rhenium selenide nanosheets via electronic structural modulation from selenium-vacancy generation Sun, Yuan; Meng, Jie; Ju, Huanxin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta06889e	journal	January 2018
The dual-defective SnS ₂ monolayers: promising 2D photocatalysts for overall water splitting Sainbileg, Batjargal; Lai, Ying-Ren; Chen, Li-Chyong Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp04649f	journal	January 2019
Electronic structure and magnetic behaviors of exfoliated MoS ₂ nanosheets Sarma, Sweety; Ghosh, B.; Ray, Sekhar C. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 31, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/aafc12	journal	February 2019
Activation of MoS ₂ Basal Planes for Hydrogen Evolution by Zinc Wu, Wenzhuo; Niu, Chunyao; Wei, Cong Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201812475	journal	January 2019
Intercalated Iridium Diselenide Electrocatalysts for Efficient pH‐Universal Water Splitting Zheng, Tingting; Shang, Chunyan; He, Zhihai Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201909369	journal	October 2019
Rapid flame doping of Co to WS ₂ for efficient hydrogen evolution Shi, Xinjian; Fields, Meredith; Park, Joonsuk Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ee01111g	journal	January 2018
High-performance monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistor with large-scale nitrogen-doped graphene electrodes for Ohmic contact Seo, Dongjea; Lee, Dong Yun; Kwon, Junyoung arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.07883	text	January 2019
Niobium disulphide (NbS$_2$)-based (heterogeneous) electrocatalysts for an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction Najafi, Leyla; Bellani, Sebastiano; Oropesa-Nuñez, Reinier arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2003.03257	text	January 2020
Unraveling the Role of Lithium in Enhancing the Hydrogen Evolution Activity of MoS₂: Intercalation versus Adsorption Wu, Longfei; Dzade, Nelson Y.; Yu, Miao ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00945	journal	June 2019
Recent advances in unveiling active sites in molybdenum sulfide-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction Seo, Bora; Joo, Sang Hoon Nano Convergence, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40580-017-0112-3	journal	July 2017

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Title: Electrochemical generation of sulfur vacancies in the basal plane of MoS2 for hydrogen evolution

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