Drop-on-demand sample delivery for studying biocatalysts in action at X-ray free-electron lasers
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
- Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States). Dept. of Biology
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of BioSciences
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)
- Humboldt Univ. of Berlin (Germany). Inst. fur Biologie
- Umea Univ. (Sweden). Inst. for Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB), (Germany). German Research Centre for Materials and Energy, Inst. for Methods and Instrumentation on Synchrotron Radiation Research
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Harwell Campus, Oxford (United Kingdom). Diamond Light Source, Ltd.
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Harwell Campus, Oxford (United Kingdom). Diamond Light Source, Ltd.; Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Biochemistry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division; Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza (Egypt). Center for Photonics and Smart Materials (CPSM)
- Umea Univ. (Sweden). Inst. for Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II); Ventana Medical Systems, Inc., Tucson, AZ (United States)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS); Paul Scherrer Inst. (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland). SwissFEL
- Umea Univ. (Sweden). Inst. for Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum; Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Chemistry - Angstrom, Molecular Biomimetics
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
- Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of BioSciences; Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
X-ray crystallography at X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) sources is a powerful method for studying macromolecules at biologically relevant temperatures. Moreover, when combined with complementary techniques like X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), both global structures and chemical properties of metalloenzymes can be obtained concurrently, providing new insights into the interplay between the protein structure/dynamics and chemistry at an active site. However, implementing such a multimodal approach can be compromised by conflicting requirements to optimize each individual method. In particular, the method used for sample delivery greatly impacts the data quality. We present here a new, robust way of delivering controlled sample amounts on demand using acoustic droplet ejection coupled with a conveyor belt drive that is optimized for crystallography and spectroscopy measurements of photochemical and chemical reactions over a wide range of time scales. Studies with photosystem II, the phytochrome photoreceptor, and ribonucleotide reductase R2 illustrate the power and versatility of this method.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; AC02-76SF00515; AC02-98CH10886; SC0012704
- OSTI ID:
- 1360909
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1379743
OSTI ID: 1392209
- Report Number(s):
- BNL--114091-2017-JA; nmeth.4195
- Journal Information:
- Nature Methods, Journal Name: Nature Methods Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 14; ISSN 1548-7091
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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