skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Modeling Phase-Aligned Gamma-Ray And Radio Millisecond Pulsar Light Curves

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. North-West Univ., Potchefstroom (South Africa)
  2. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)
  3. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)

The gamma-ray population of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has been steadily increasing. A number of the more recent detections, including PSR J0034-0534, PSR J1939+2134 (B1937+21; the first MSP ever discovered), PSR J1959+2048 (B1957+20; the first black widow system), and PSR J2214+3000, exhibit an unusual phenomenon: nearly phase-aligned radio and gamma- ray light curves (LCs). To account for the phase alignment, we explore geometric models where both the radio and gamma-ray emission originate either in the outer magnetosphere near the light cylinder (RLC) or near the polar caps (PCs). We obtain reasonable fits for the first three of these MSPs in the context of “altitude- limited” outer gap (alOG) and two-pole caustic (alTPC) geometries. The outer magnetosphere phase-aligned models differ from the standard outer gap (OG) / two-pole caustic (TPC) models in two respects: first, the radio emission originates in caustics at relatively high altitudes compared to the usual low-altitude conal radio beams; second, we allow the maximum altitude of the gamma-ray emission region as well as both the minimum and maximum altitudes of the radio emission region to vary within a limited range. Alternatively, there also exist phase-aligned LC solutions for emission originating near the stellar surface in a slot gap (SG) scenario (“low-altitude slot gap” (laSG) models). We find best-fit LCs using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) max- imum likelihood approach [30]. Our fits imply that the phase-aligned LCs are likely of caustic origin, produced in the outer magnetosphere, and that the radio emission may come from close to RLC. We lastly constrain the emission altitudes with typical uncertainties of ~ 0.3RLC. Our results describe a third gamma-ray MSP subclass, in addition to the two (with non-aligned LCs) previously found [50]: those with LCs fit by standard OG / TPC models, and those with LCs fit by pair-starved polar cap (PSPC) models.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1356768
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 744, Issue 1; ISSN 0004-637X
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 40 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (83)

A Population of Gamma-Ray Millisecond Pulsars Seen with the Fermi Large Area Telescope journal July 2009
THE FIRST FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE CATALOG OF GAMMA-RAY PULSARS journal March 2010
DISCOVERY OF PULSED γ-RAYS FROM PSR J0034–0534 WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE: A CASE FOR CO-LOCATED RADIO AND γ-RAY EMISSION REGIONS journal March 2010
FERMI -LAT SEARCH FOR PULSAR WIND NEBULAE AROUND GAMMA-RAY PULSARS journal December 2010
A new class of radio pulsars journal December 1982
Pair creation above pulsar polar caps - Geometrical structure and energetics of slot gaps journal March 1983
A millisecond pulsar journal December 1982
Polarimetry, Peculiar Mode and X-Ray Alignment of PSR B1821-24. journal October 1997
Uncertainties of Modeling Gamma-Ray Pulsar Light Curves Using Vacuum Dipole Magnetic Field journal May 2010
Discovery of three binary millisecond pulsars journal April 1994
Optical Observations of the Binary Millisecond Pulsars J2145−0750 and J0034−0534 journal October 1995
A relativistic model of pulsar polarization journal March 1991
MeV to TeV gamma-ray observations of PSR 1957 + 20 journal November 1990
The orbital light curve of PSR 1957 + 20 journal February 1995
Pulsed X‐Ray Emission from Pulsar A in the Double Pulsar System J0737−3039 journal December 2007
Energetic radiation from rapidly spinning pulsars. I - Outer magnetosphere gaps. II - VELA and Crab journal January 1986
Energetic Radiation from Rapidly Spinning Pulsars. II. VELA and Crab journal January 1986
DISCOVERY OF TWO MILLISECOND PULSARS IN FERMI SOURCES WITH THE NANÇAY RADIO TELESCOPE journal April 2011
The phase of the radio and X-ray pulses of PSR B1937+21 journal November 2003
Electromagnetic cascades in pulsars journal January 1982
Gamma-Ray Pulsars: Emission from Extended Polar CAP Cascades journal February 1996
The annular gap model for γ-ray emission from young and millisecond pulsars: The annular gap model for γ-ray pulsars journal June 2010
Relativistic Effects and Polarization in Three High‐Energy Pulsar Models journal May 2004
Two‐Pole Caustic Model for High‐Energy Light Curves of Pulsars journal December 2003
Infrared observations of the eclipsing millisecond pulsar 1957 + 20 journal February 1990
EGRET High-Energy gamma -Ray Pulsar Studies. II. Individual Millisecond Pulsars journal July 1995
Modeling gamma radiation from millisecond pulsars journal January 2005
Optical detection and characterization of the eclipsing pulsar's companion journal August 1988
A millisecond pulsar in an eclipsing binary journal May 1988
Inference from Iterative Simulation Using Multiple Sequences journal November 1992
A search for protoplanetary discs around millisecond pulsars journal August 2000
Markov Chain Monte Carlo in small worlds journal June 2006
Multiwavelength analysis of four millisecond pulsars
  • Guillemot, L.; Cognard, I.; Johnson, T. J.
  • RADIO PULSARS: AN ASTROPHYSICAL KEY TO UNLOCK THE SECRETS OF THE UNIVERSE, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3615125
conference January 2011
Pulsed Gamma rays from the Original Millisecond and Black Widow Pulsars: a case for Caustic Radio Emission? journal December 2011
Search for TeV Emissions from Pulsars in Binary Systems journal February 2003
Stellar forensics - II. Millisecond pulsar binaries journal March 1998
Pulsar pair Cascades in a Distorted Magnetic Dipole Field journal December 2010
High‐Energy Emission from Millisecond Pulsars journal March 2005
Monte Carlo sampling methods using Markov chains and their applications journal April 1970
Observation of a Rapidly Pulsating Radio Source journal February 1968
Particle Accelerator in Pulsar Magnetospheres: Super‐Goldreich‐Julian Current with Ion Emission from the Neutron Star Surface journal December 2006
High‐Energy Emission from Pulsar Outer Magnetospheres journal June 2007
A statistical study of 233 pulsar proper motions journal July 2005
XMM-Newton observations of PSR B1957+20 journal January 2007
Multifrequency Observations of Giant Radio Pulses from the Millisecond Pulsar B1937+21 journal May 2000
Gamma radiation from the Crab Nebula above 35 MeV journal October 1974
A Search for Giant Pulses from Millisecond Pulsars journal June 2005
Chandra and RXTE studies of the X-ray/γ-ray millisecond pulsar PSR J0218+4232 journal January 2004
Discovery of a nebula around PSR1957 + 20 journal October 1988
No low-frequency turn-over in the spectra of millisecond pulsars journal March 2001
Mid- and Far-Infrared Infrared Space Observatory Limits on Dust Disks around Millisecond Pulsars journal August 2004
Pulsar Radio and Gamma-Ray Emission journal June 2005
The Australia Telescope National Facility Pulsar Catalogue journal April 2005
Simulated Tempering: A New Monte Carlo Scheme journal July 1992
Inverse Compton gamma-ray from pulsars - I. The Vela pulsar journal February 1983
Extended Acceleration in Slot Gaps and Pulsar High‐Energy Emission journal May 2003
High‐Altitude Particle Acceleration and Radiation in Pulsar Slot Gaps journal May 2004
Particle Acceleration in Pair‐starved Pulsars journal December 2004
Pair-Starved Pulsar Magnetospheres journal February 2009
General relativistic electric potential drops above pulsar polar caps journal March 1992
Beppo SAX observation of PSR B1937+21 journal January 2004
Ablating dwarf model for eclipsing millisecond pulsar 1957 + 20 journal June 1988
THREE MILLISECOND PULSARS IN FERMI LAT UNASSOCIATED BRIGHT SOURCES journal December 2010
Wide Radio Beams from γ-Ray Pulsars journal May 2010
Gamma-Ray Pulsars: Radiation Processes in the Outer Magnetosphere journal October 1996
The Fermi LAT Pulsars
  • Romani, Roger W.; Burgay, Marta; D’Amico, Nicolò
  • RADIO PULSARS: AN ASTROPHYSICAL KEY TO UNLOCK THE SECRETS OF THE UNIVERSE, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3615119
conference January 2011
Time-dependent Force-free Pulsar Magnetospheres: Axisymmetric and Oblique Rotators journal August 2006
Coherently Dedispersed Polarimetry of Millisecond Pulsars journal August 1999
An X-ray Nebula Associated with the Millisecond Pulsar B1957+20 journal February 2003
Polarimetry of millisecond pulsars journal October 1990
Optical observations of the eclipsing binary radio pulsar PSR1957 + 20 journal August 1988
Empirical Constraints on the General Relativistic Electric Field Associated with PSR J0437-4715 journal January 2005
PROBING MILLISECOND PULSAR EMISSION GEOMETRY USING LIGHT CURVES FROM THE FERMI /LARGE AREA TELESCOPE journal November 2009
Timing stability of millisecond pulsars and prospects for gravitational-wave detection journal December 2009
Gamma-Ray Spectral Properties of Mature Pulsars: a Two-Layer Model journal August 2010
An Atlas for Interpreting γ-Ray Pulsar Light Curves journal April 2009
GAMMA-RAY AND RADIO PROPERTIES OF SIX PULSARS DETECTED BY THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE journal December 2009
Polarization observations of 20 millisecond pulsars: Polarization observations of 20 MSPs journal March 2011
XMM‐Newton Observations of Four Millisecond Pulsars journal February 2006
Studying millisecond pulsars in X-rays journal March 2007
X-ray and gamma-ray emission from millisecond pulsars journal January 2003
High‐Energy Properties of Pulsed Emission from Millisecond Pulsars journal September 2007
Algorithm 778: L-BFGS-B: Fortran subroutines for large-scale bound-constrained optimization journal December 1997

Cited By (10)

Detection of bridge emission above 50 GeV from the Crab pulsar with the MAGIC telescopes journal May 2014
THE SECOND FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE CATALOG OF GAMMA-RAY PULSARS journal September 2013
Three-Dimensional Non-Vacuum Pulsar Outer-Gap Model: Localized Acceleration Electric Field in the Higher Altitudes journal January 2015
Neutron star Mass–Radius Constraints Using Evolutionary Optimization journal December 2016
Population Syntheses of Millisecond Pulsars from the Galactic Disk and Bulge journal August 2018
A Millisecond Pulsar Discovery in a Survey of Unidentified Fermi γ -Ray Sources with LOFAR journal September 2017
The Second Fermi Large area Telescope Catalog of Gamma-Ray Pulsars text January 2013
Parkes radio searches of Fermi gamma-ray sources and millisecond pulsar discoveries text January 2015
Neutron Star Mass-Radius Constraints using Evolutionary Optimization text January 2016
Population syntheses of millisecond pulsars from the Galactic Disk and Bulge text January 2018

Similar Records

MODELING PHASE-ALIGNED GAMMA-RAY AND RADIO MILLISECOND PULSAR LIGHT CURVES
Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2012 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:1356768

PROBING MILLISECOND PULSAR EMISSION GEOMETRY USING LIGHT CURVES FROM THE FERMI/LARGE AREA TELESCOPE
Journal Article · Thu Dec 10 00:00:00 EST 2009 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:1356768

CONSTRAINTS ON THE EMISSION GEOMETRIES AND SPIN EVOLUTION OF GAMMA-RAY MILLISECOND PULSARS
Journal Article · Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series · OSTI ID:1356768