Emissions impacts and benefits of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid services

Sioshansi, Ramteen; Denholm, Paul

doi:10.1021/es802324j

Emissions impacts and benefits of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid services

Journal Article · Thu Jan 22 00:00:00 EST 2009 · Environmental Science and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/es802324j· OSTI ID:1353368

Sioshansi, Ramteen ^[1]; Denholm, Paul ^[2]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States); The Ohio State University
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have been promoted as a potential technology to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants by using electricity instead of petroleum, and by improving electric system efficiency by providing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services. We use an electric power system model to explicitly evaluate the change in generator dispatches resulting from PHEV deployment in the Texas grid, and apply fixed and non-parametric estimates of generator emissions rates, to estimate the resulting changes in generation emissions. Here, we find that by using the flexibility of when vehicles may be charged, generator efficiency can be increased substantially. By changing generator dispatch, a PHEV fleet of up to 15% of light-duty vehicles can actually decrease net generator NO_x emissions during the ozone season, despite the additional charging load. By adding V2G services, such as spinning reserves and energy storage, CO₂, SO₂, and NO_x emissions can be reduced even further.

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1353368

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 964205

Journal Information:: Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Name: Environmental Science and Technology Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 43; ISSN 0013-936X

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Stochastic Dynamic Pricing for EV Charging Stations with Renewables Integration and Energy Storage Luo, Chao; Huang, Yih-Fang; Gupta, Vijay arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.02128	text	January 2018
Profitable Emissions-Reducing Energy Storage Olsen, Daniel J.; Kirschen, Daniel S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.11034	text	January 2019
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Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles—a review Hawkins, Troy R.; Gausen, Ola Moa; Strømman, Anders Hammer The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Vol. 17, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0440-9	journal	May 2012
Realizing the electric-vehicle revolution Tran, Martino; Banister, David; Bishop, Justin D. K. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1429	journal	April 2012
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Power Electronic Control Design for Stable EV Motor and Battery Operation during a Route Makrygiorgou, Jemma J.; Alexandridis, Antonio T. Energies, Vol. 12, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12101990	journal	May 2019
Environmental Implications of the National Power Roadmap with Policy Directives for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) Kim, Solhee; Pelton, Rylie E. O.; Smith, Timothy M. Sustainability, Vol. 11, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236657	journal	November 2019

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