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Title: Large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic TES detectors for CMB measurements with the SPT-3G receiver

Journal Article · · Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2232912· OSTI ID:1352656
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  1. United Kingdom Astronomy Technology Centre, Edinburgh (United Kingdom)
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
  3. Univ. of Wales, Cardiff (United Kingdom)
  4. Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Kavli Inst. for Cosmological Physics (KICP)
  5. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  6. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
  7. Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
  8. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
  9. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  10. McGill Univ., Montreal, QC (Canada)
  11. Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
  12. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba (Japan)
  13. NIST Quantum Devices Group, Boulder, CO (United States)
  14. Case Western Reserve Univ. (United States)
  15. Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
  16. Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada)
  17. Univ. of Colorado, Denver, CO (United States)
  18. Univ. of Melbourne (Australia)
  19. Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States)
  20. Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
  21. Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Now, detectors for cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments are background limited, so a straightforward alternative to improve sensitivity is to increase the number of detectors. Large arrays of multichroic pixels constitute an economical approach to increasing the number of detectors within a given focal plane area. We present the fabrication of large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic transition-edge-sensor (TES) bolometers for the South Pole Telescope third-generation CMB receiver (SPT-3G). The complete SPT-3G receiver will have 2690 pixels, each with six detectors, allowing for individual measurement of three spectral bands (centered at 95 GHz, 150 GHz and 220 GHz) in two orthogonal polarizations. In total, the SPT-3G focal plane will have 16140 detectors. Each pixel is comprised of a broad-band sinuous antenna coupled to a niobium microstrip transmission line. In-line filters are used to define the different band-passes before the millimeter-wavelength signal is fed to the respective Ti/Au TES sensors. Detectors are read out using a 64x frequency domain multiplexing (fMux) scheme. The microfabrication of the SPT-3G detector arrays involves a total of 18 processes, including 13 lithography steps. Together with the fabrication process, the effect of processing on the Ti/Au TES's T-c is discussed. In addition, detectors fabricated with Ti/Au TES films with Tc between 400 mK 560 mK are presented and their thermal characteristics are evaluated. Optical characterization of the arrays is presented as well, indicating that the response of the detectors is in good agreement with the design values for all three spectral bands (95 GHz, 150 GHz, and 220 GHz). The measured optical efficiency of the detectors is between 0.3 and 0.8. Our results discussed here are extracted from a batch of research of development wafers used to develop the baseline process for the fabrication of the arrays of detectors to be deployed with the SPT-3G receiver. Results from these research and development wafers have been incorporated into the fabrication process to get the baseline fabrication process presented here. SPT-3G is scheduled to deploy to the South Pole Telescope in late 2016.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1352656
Journal Information:
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9914, Issue Part 1; ISSN 0277-786X
Publisher:
SPIECopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 12 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (19)

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Multi-chroic Dual-Polarization Bolometric Focal Plane for Studies of the Cosmic Microwave Background journal March 2012
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Multi-Chroic Dual-Polarization Bolometric Detectors for Studies of the Cosmic Microwave Background journal January 2014
Frequency multiplexed superconducting quantum interference device readout of large bolometer arrays for cosmic microwave background measurements journal July 2012
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Fabrication of large dual-polarized multichroic TES bolometer arrays for CMB measurements with the SPT-3G camera journal August 2015
The case for the relativistic hot Big Bang cosmology journal August 1991
A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Damping tail from the 2500-Square-Degree Spt-Sz Survey journal November 2013
Detection of B -Mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales by BICEP2 journal June 2014
Design and Fabrication of 90 GHz TES Polarimeter Detectors for the South Pole Telescope journal June 2013
Dual-Polarized Sinuous Antennas on Extended Hemispherical Silicon Lenses journal September 2012
The case for the relativistic hot Big Bang cosmology book June 1996
Multichroic dual-polarization bolometric detectors for studies of the cosmic microwave background conference October 2012
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Cosmological parameters from three seasons of data text January 2013

Cited By (6)

Year two instrument status of the SPT-3G cosmic microwave background receiver
  • Carter, Faustin W.; Cecil, Thomas W.; Chang, Clarence L.
  • Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IX https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312426
conference August 2018
Developments of Highly Multiplexed, Multi-chroic Pixels for Balloon-Borne Platforms journal February 2018
The Simons Observatory: science goals and forecasts journal February 2019
The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts text January 2019
Developments of highly-multiplexed, multi-chroic pixels for Balloon-Borne Platforms text January 2018
The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts text January 2018

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Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Bolometers
CMB
Microfabrication
SPT-3G
South Pole Telescope
Superconducting Detectors
Transition Edge Sensors