Mouse fat storage‐inducing transmembrane protein 2 ( FIT 2) promotes lipid droplet accumulation in plants

Cai, Yingqi; McClinchie, Elizabeth; Price, Ann; Nguyen, Thuy N.; Gidda, Satinder K.; Watt, Samantha C.; Yurchenko, Olga; Park, Sunjung; Sturtevant, Drew; Mullen, Robert T.; Dyer, John M.; Chapman, Kent D.

doi:10.1111/pbi.12678

Mouse fat storage‐inducing transmembrane protein 2 ( FIT 2) promotes lipid droplet accumulation in plants

Journal Article · Tue Jan 17 23:00:00 EST 2017 · Plant Biotechnology Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12678· OSTI ID:1339585

Cai, Yingqi ^[1]; McClinchie, Elizabeth ^[1]; Price, Ann ^[1]; Nguyen, Thuy N. ^[2]; Gidda, Satinder K. ^[2]; Watt, Samantha C. ^[2]; Yurchenko, Olga ^[3]; Park, Sunjung ^[3]; Sturtevant, Drew ^[1]; Mullen, Robert T. ^[2]; Dyer, John M. ^[3]; Chapman, Kent D. ^[1]

Center for Plant Lipid Research University of North Texas Denton TX USA
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada
US Arid‐Land Agricultural Research Center USDA‐ARS Maricopa AZ USA

Summary

Fat storage‐inducing transmembrane protein 2 ( FIT 2) is an endoplasmic reticulum ( ER )‐localized protein that plays an important role in lipid droplet ( LD ) formation in animal cells. However, no obvious homologue of FIT 2 is found in plants. Here, we tested the function of FIT 2 in plant cells by ectopically expressing mouse ( Mus musculus ) FIT 2 in Nicotiana tabacum suspension‐cultured cells, Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Confocal microscopy indicated that the expression of FIT 2 dramatically increased the number and size of LD s in leaves of N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis, and lipidomics analysis and mass spectrometry imaging confirmed the accumulation of neutral lipids in leaves. FIT 2 also increased seed oil content by ~13% in some stable, overexpressing lines of Arabidopsis . When expressed transiently in leaves of N. benthamiana or suspension cells of N. tabacum , FIT 2 localized specifically to the ER and was often concentrated at certain regions of the ER that resembled ER ‐ LD junction sites. FIT 2 also colocalized at the ER with other proteins known to be involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis or LD formation in plants, but not with ER resident proteins involved in electron transfer or ER ‐vesicle exit sites. Collectively, these results demonstrate that mouse FIT 2 promotes LD accumulation in plants, a surprising functional conservation in the context of a plant cell given the apparent lack of FIT 2 homologues in higher plants. These results suggest also that FIT 2 expression represents an effective synthetic biology strategy for elaborating neutral lipid compartments in plant tissues for potential biofuel or bioproduct purposes.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0000797; SC0016536

OSTI ID:: 1339585

Journal Information:: Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Name: Plant Biotechnology Journal Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 15; ISSN 1467-7644

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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