Solar cell efficiency tables (version 49)

Green, Martin A.; Emery, Keith; Hishikawa, Yoshihiro; Warta, Wilhelm; Dunlop, Ewan D.; Levi, Dean H.; Ho-Baillie, Anita W. Y.

doi:10.1002/pip.2855

Solar cell efficiency tables (version 49)

Journal Article · Mon Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Progress in Photovoltaics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.2855· OSTI ID:1339237

Green, Martin A. ^[1]; Emery, Keith ^[2]; Hishikawa, Yoshihiro ^[3]; Warta, Wilhelm ^[4]; Dunlop, Ewan D. ^[5]; Levi, Dean H. ^[2]; ^[1]

Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW (Australia)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki (Japan)
Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Freiburg (Germany)
European Commission - Joint Research Centre, Ispra (VA) (Italy)

Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Here, guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined, and new entries since June 2016 are reviewed.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1339237

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1400593

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5J00-67687

Journal Information:: Progress in Photovoltaics, Journal Name: Progress in Photovoltaics Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 25; ISSN 1062-7995

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Bimolecular recombination in methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite is an inverse absorption process Davies, Christopher L.; Filip, Marina R.; Patel, Jay B. Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02670-2	journal	January 2018
Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells with over 10% power conversion efficiency enabled by heterojunction heat treatment Yan, Chang; Huang, Jialiang; Sun, Kaiwen Nature Energy, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0206-0	journal	July 2018
Passivating contacts for crystalline silicon solar cells Allen, Thomas G.; Bullock, James; Yang, Xinbo Nature Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0463-6	journal	September 2019
Hybrid perovskite films approaching the radiative limit with over 90% photoluminescence quantum efficiency Braly, Ian L.; deQuilettes, Dane W.; Pazos-Outón, Luis M. Nature Photonics, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0154-z	journal	April 2018
Photovoltaic solar cell technologies: analysing the state of the art Nayak, Pabitra K.; Mahesh, Suhas; Snaith, Henry J. Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-019-0097-0	journal	March 2019
Solution processing of chalcogenide materials using thiol–amine “alkahest” solvent systems McCarthy, Carrie L.; Brutchey, Richard L. Chemical Communications, Vol. 53, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cc02226c	journal	January 2017
Vertical recrystallization for highly efficient and stable formamidinium-based inverted-structure perovskite solar cells Xie, Fengxian; Chen, Chun-Chao; Wu, Yongzhen Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee01675a	journal	January 2017
Mechanically-stacked perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells with efficiency of 23.9% and reduced oxygen sensitivity Shen, Heping; Duong, The; Peng, Jun Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee02627g	journal	January 2018
Critical analysis on the quality of stability studies of perovskite and dye solar cells Tiihonen, Armi; Miettunen, Kati; Halme, Janne Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee02670f	journal	January 2018
Enhanced charge carrier mobility and lifetime suppress hysteresis and improve efficiency in planar perovskite solar cells Turren-Cruz, Silver-Hamill; Saliba, Michael; Mayer, Matthew T. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee02901b	journal	January 2018
New-generation integrated devices based on dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells Yun, Sining; Qin, Yong; Uhl, Alexander R. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee03165c	journal	January 2018
Roadmap and roadblocks for the band gap tunability of metal halide perovskites Unger, E. L.; Kegelmann, L.; Suchan, K. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta00404d	journal	January 2017
Scalable perovskite/CIGS thin-film solar module with power conversion efficiency of 17.8% Paetzold, U. W.; Jaysankar, M.; Gehlhaar, R. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta01651d	journal	January 2017
Effects of organic cations on the defect physics of tin halide perovskites Shi, Tingting; Zhang, Hai-Shan; Meng, Weiwei Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta02662e	journal	January 2017
Cation disorder and phase transitions in the structurally complex solar cell material Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ Bosson, C. J.; Birch, M. T.; Halliday, D. P. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta03603e	journal	January 2017
Tetrabutylammonium cations for moisture-resistant and semitransparent perovskite solar cells Poli, Isabella; Eslava, Salvador; Cameron, Petra J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 5, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta06735f	journal	January 2017
Barium disilicide as a promising thin-film photovoltaic absorber: structural, electronic, and defect properties Kumar, Mukesh; Umezawa, Naoto; Zhou, Wei Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta08312b	journal	January 2017
Understanding the stability of mixed A-cation lead iodide perovskites Charles, Bethan; Dillon, Jessica; Weber, Oliver J. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta08617b	journal	January 2017
Mixed halide hybrid perovskites: a paradigm shift in photovoltaics Zarick, Holly F.; Soetan, Naiya; Erwin, William R. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta09122b	journal	January 2018
Exploring the effects of interfacial carrier transport layers on device performance and optoelectronic properties of planar perovskite solar cells Khadka, Dhruba B.; Shirai, Yasuhiro; Yanagida, Masatoshi Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 5, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc02822a	journal	January 2017
Degradation of encapsulated perovskite solar cells driven by deep trap states and interfacial deterioration Khadka, Dhruba B.; Shirai, Yasuhiro; Yanagida, Masatoshi Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc03733c	journal	January 2018
Progress in fullerene-based hybrid perovskite solar cells Castro, Edison; Murillo, Jesse; Fernandez-Delgado, Olivia Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc04302c	journal	January 2018
Multifunctional cellulose-paper for light harvesting and smart sensing applications T. Vicente, António; Araújo, Andreia; Mendes, Manuel J. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc05271e	journal	January 2018
Translucent, color-neutral and efficient perovskite thin film solar modules Rakocevic, Lucija; Gehlhaar, Robert; Jaysankar, Manoj Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc05863b	journal	January 2018
A novel and cost effective CZTS hole transport material applied in perovskite solar cells Patel, Siddhant B.; Patel, Amar H.; Gohel, Jignasa V. CrystEngComm, Vol. 20, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ce01337c	journal	January 2018
Photocarrier dynamics in perovskite-based solar cells revealed by intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy Chen, Xiaoqing; Shirai, Yasuhiro; Yanagida, Masatoshi Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp01227j	journal	January 2018
DFT calculations reveal pronounced HOMO–LUMO spatial separation in polypyrrole–nanodiamond systems Matunová, Petra; Jirásek, Vít; Rezek, Bohuslav Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp07622g	journal	January 2019
Plasmon-enhanced triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion of post-modified polymeric acceptors Westbrook, Emily G.; Zhang, Peng Dalton Transactions, Vol. 47, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8dt00269j	journal	January 2018
Nanophotonic design of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells Hossain, Mohammad I.; Qarony, Wayesh; Jovanov, Vladislav Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta00628h	journal	January 2018
The electronic properties of CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ perovskite surfaces tuned by inverted polarities of pyridine and ethylamine Shi, Tingting; Teng, Qiang; Yang, Xiao-Bao Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tc00409a	journal	January 2018
Depth-dependent electronic band structure at the Au/CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _3−x Cl _x junction Cha, Myung Joo; Park, Yu Jung; Seo, Jung Hwa Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp00834a	journal	January 2019
Enhanced yield-mobility products in hybrid halide Ruddlesden–Popper compounds with aromatic ammonium spacers Venkatesan, Naveen R.; Mahdi, Ali; Barraza, Brian Dalton Transactions, Vol. 48, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9dt03074c	journal	January 2019
Two-step photocurrent generation enhanced by miniband formation in InAs/GaAs quantum dot superlattice intermediate-band solar cells Watanabe, Sho; Asahi, Shigeo; Kada, Tomoyuki Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4983288	journal	May 2017
Recombination at high carrier density in methylammonium lead iodide studied using time-resolved microwave conductivity Labram, John G.; Chabinyc, Michael L. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 122, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4990802	journal	August 2017
Doping properties of cadmium-rich arsenic-doped CdTe single crystals: Evidence of metastable AX behavior Nagaoka, Akira; Kuciauskas, Darius; Scarpulla, Michael A. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4999011	journal	December 2017
III-V/Si dual junction solar cell at scale: Manufacturing cost estimates for step-cell based technology Abdul Hadi, Sabina; Fitzgerald, Eugene A.; Griffiths, Steven Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5004620	journal	January 2018
Locally-enhanced light scattering by a monocrystalline silicon wafer Ma, Li; Zhang, Pan; Li, Zhen-Hua AIP Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5020181	journal	March 2018
2D lateral heterostructures of group-III monochalcogenide: Potential photovoltaic applications Cheng, Kai; Guo, Yu; Han, Nannan Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5020618	journal	April 2018
Band gap temperature-dependence of close-space sublimation grown Sb ₂ Se ₃ by photo-reflectance Birkett, Max; Linhart, Wojciech M.; Stoner, Jessica APL Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5027157	journal	August 2018
High p-type doping, mobility, and photocarrier lifetime in arsenic-doped CdTe single crystals Nagaoka, Akira; Kuciauskas, Darius; McCoy, Jedidiah Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5029450	journal	May 2018
Improvements in the manufacturing process of achromatic doublet on glass (ADG) Fresnel lens Vallerotto, Guido; Victoria, Marta; Askins, Stephen 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-14), AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5053508	conference	January 2018
Nanoscale analysis of electrical junctions in InGaP nanowires grown by template-assisted selective epitaxy Piazza, V.; Wirths, S.; Bologna, N. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5085405	journal	March 2019
Identifying technological sub-trajectories in patent data: the case of photovoltaics Kalthaus, Martin Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 28, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/10438599.2018.1523356	journal	September 2018
Material challenges for solar cells in the twenty-first century: directions in emerging technologies Almosni, Samy; Delamarre, Amaury; Jehl, Zacharie Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2018.1433439	journal	April 2018
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Nonequilibrium electron and phonon dynamics in advanced concept solar cells Hathwar, R.; Zou, Y.; Jirauschek, C. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aaf750	journal	January 2019
Inverted hysteresis in MAPbI ₃ perovskite solar cells induced by presetting bias voltage Xiang, Jin; Li, Yana; Huang, Feng Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab1e2b	journal	May 2019
Mobility dependent recombination models for organic solar cells Wagenpfahl, Alexander Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 29, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/aa7952	journal	August 2017
Optimized efficiency in InP nanowire solar cells with accurate 1D analysis Chen, Yang; Kivisaari, Pyry; Pistol, Mats-Erik Nanotechnology, Vol. 29, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aa9e73	journal	December 2017
Graphene-based flexible and wearable electronics Das, Tanmoy; Sharma, Bhupendra K.; Katiyar, Ajit K. Journal of Semiconductors, Vol. 39, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/39/1/011007	journal	January 2018
Role of intermediate metallic sub-layers in improving the efficiency of kesterite solar cells: concept and optimization Ferhati, H.; Djeffal, F. Materials Research Express, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aab7ae	journal	March 2018
Effect of CH ₃ NH ₃ I vapour evaporation temperature on the quality of the lead-free bismuth based perovskites thin-films Pandiyarajan, M.; Manobalaji, G.; Senthilkumar, M. Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab103d	journal	March 2019
An efficient analytical model for tandem solar cells Ferhati, H.; Djeffal, F. Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab1596	journal	April 2019
Optical and electrical properties of thermally co-evaporated SnS _1−x Se _x alloy films Saritha, K.; Rasool, S.; Reddy, K. T. Ramakrishna Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4078	journal	September 2019
Advances in modelling and simulation of halide perovskites for solar cell applications Yu, Chol-Jun Journal of Physics: Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/aaf143	journal	January 2019
Inorganic–organic halide perovskites for new photovoltaic technology Li, Dongmei; Shi, Jiangjian; Xu, Yuzhuan National Science Review, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwx100	journal	August 2017
Tail state formation in solar cell materials: First principles analyses of zincblende, chalcopyrite, kesterite, and hybrid perovskite crystals Nishiwaki, Mitsutoshi; Nagaya, Keisuke; Kato, Masato Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.2.085404	journal	August 2018
Promises and challenges of perovskite solar cells Correa-Baena, Juan-Pablo; Saliba, Michael; Buonassisi, Tonio Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6364 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam6323	journal	November 2017
Review on Substrate and Molybdenum Back Contact in CIGS Thin Film Solar Cell Ong, Kam Hoe; Agileswari, Ramasamy; Maniscalco, Biancamaria International Journal of Photoenergy, Vol. 2018 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9106269	journal	September 2018
Reduction of Soiling on Photovoltaic Modules by a Tracker System with Downward-Facing Standby State Ota, Yasuyuki; Nagaoka, Akira; Nishioka, Kensuke International Journal of Photoenergy, Vol. 2019 https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1296065	journal	October 2019
Numerical optical optimization of monolithic planar perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells with regular and inverted device architectures Jäger, Klaus; Korte, Lars; Rech, Bernd Optics Express, Vol. 25, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.00a473	journal	January 2017
Effect of high temperature rapid thermal annealing on optical properties of InGaAsP grown by molecular beam epitaxy Xiao, Meng; Chen, Guifeng; Yang, Runqing Optical Materials Express, Vol. 7, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1364/ome.7.003826	journal	January 2017
Numerical Modelling of Front Contact Alignment for High Efficiency Cd _1-x Zn _x Te and Cd _1-x Mg _x Te Solar Cells for Tandem Devices Liyanage, Geethika K.; Phillips, Adam B.; Alfadhili, Fadhil K. MRS Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 52 https://doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.501	journal	January 2018
Development of CdCl ₂ Activation to Minimize Zn Loss from Sputtered Cd _1-x Zn _x Te Thin Films for Use in Tandem Solar Cells Alfadhili, Fadhil K.; Liyanage, Geethika K.; Phillips, Adam B. MRS Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 52 https://doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.521	journal	January 2018
Matching Charge Extraction Contact for Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells B., Chen,; Y., Shao,; J., Huang, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/50rf-ma51	text	January 2017
Synthesis and Characterization of Molybdenum Back Contact Using Direct Current-Magnetron Sputtering for Thin Film Solar Cells Pandharkar, Subhash M.; Rondiya, Sachin R.; Rokade, Avinash V. Frontiers in Materials, Vol. 5 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2018.00013	journal	March 2018
Uncertainty Propagation of Spectral Matching Ratios Measured Using a Calibrated Spectroradiometer Pavanello, Diego; Galleano, Roberto; Kenny, Robert Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020186	journal	January 2018
Solution-Processed Efficient Nanocrystal Solar Cells Based on CdTe and CdS Nanocrystals Liu, Songwei; Liu, Weigeng; Heng, Jingxuan Coatings, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8010026	journal	January 2018
World Decarbonization through Global Electricity Interconnections Bompard, Ettore; Grosso, Daniele; Huang, Tao Energies, Vol. 11, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071746	journal	July 2018
Tail state formation in solar cell materials: First principles analyses of zincblende, chalcopyrite, kesterite and hybrid perovskite crystals Nishiwaki, Mitsutoshi; Nagaya, Keisuke; Kato, Masato arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1803.05106	text	January 2018
Enhanced Charge Separation Efficiency in DNA Templated Polymer Solar Cells Toschi, Francesco; Catone, Daniele; O'Keeffe, Patrick Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3938844	text	January 2020
Enhanced Charge Separation Efficiency in DNA Templated Polymer Solar Cells Toschi, Francesco; Catone, Daniele; O'Keeffe, Patrick Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3938845	text	January 2020

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