Dry (Mg,Fe)SiO3 perovskite in the Earth's lower mantle

Panero, Wendy R.; Pigott, Jeffrey S.; Reaman, Daniel M.; Kabbes, Jason E.; Liu, Zhenxian

doi:10.1002/2014JB011397

Dry (Mg,Fe)SiO₃ perovskite in the Earth's lower mantle

Journal Article · Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011397· OSTI ID:1335876

Panero, Wendy R. ^[1]; Pigott, Jeffrey S. ^[2]; Reaman, Daniel M. ^[3]; Kabbes, Jason E. ^[2]; Liu, Zhenxian ^[4]

The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States); Carnegie Institution of Washington
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
U.S. Army Research Lab., RDRL-WMRD, Aberdeen, MD (United States)
Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. (United States)

Combined synthesis experiments and first-principles calculations show that MgSiO₃-perovskite with minor Al or Fe does not incorporate significant OH under lower mantle conditions. Perovskite, stishovite, and residual melt were synthesized from natural Bamble enstatite samples (Mg/(Fe+Mg) = 0.89 and 0.93; Al₂O₃ < 0.1 wt% with 35 and 2065 ppm wt H₂O, respectively) in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell at 1600-2000 K and 25-65 GPa. Combined Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and ex-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrates little difference in the resulting perovskite as a function of initial water content. Four distinct OH vibrational stretching bands are evident upon cooling below 100 K (3576, 3378, 3274, and 3078 cm^-1), suggesting 4 potential bonding sites for OH in perovskite with a maximum water content of 220 ppm wt H₂O, and likely no more than 10 ppm wt H₂O. Complementary, Fe-free, first-principles calculations predict multiple potential bonding sites for hydrogen in perovskite, each with significant solution enthalpy (0.2 eV/defect). We calculate that perovskite can dissolve less than 37 ppm wt H₂O (400 ppm H/Si) at the top of the lower mantle, decreasing to 31 ppm wt H₂O (340 ppm H/Si) at 125 GPa and 3000 K in the absence of a melt or fluid phase. Here, we propose that these results resolve a long-standing debate of the perovskite melting curve and explain the order of magnitude increase in viscosity from upper to lower mantle.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002006

OSTI ID:: 1335876

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1229031

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 120; ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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