Fast Time Response Electromagnetic Disruption Mitigation Concept

Raman, R.; Jarboe, T.; Jernigan, Thomas C.; Menard, J.; Gerhardt, S. P.; Ono, M.; Baylor, Larry R.; Lay, W. S.

doi:10.13182/FST14-916

Fast Time Response Electromagnetic Disruption Mitigation Concept

Journal Article · Mon Sep 28 04:00:00 EDT 2015 · Fusion Science and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.13182/FST14-916· OSTI ID:1335330

Raman, R. ^[1]; Jarboe, T. ^[1]; Jernigan, Thomas C. ^[2]; Menard, J. ^[3]; Gerhardt, S. P. ^[3]; Ono, M. ^[3]; Baylor, Larry R. ^[2]; Lay, W. S. ^[1]

Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

An important and urgent issue for ITER is predicting and controlling disruptions. Tokamaks and spherical tokamaks have the potential to disrupt. Methods to rapidly quench the discharge after an impending disruption is detected are essential to protect the vessel and internal components. The warning time for the onset of some disruptions in tokamaks could be <10 ms, which poses stringent requirements on the disruption mitigation system for reactor systems. In this proposed method, a cylindrical boron nitride projectile containing a radiative payload composed of boron, boron nitride, or beryllium particulate matter and weighing similar to 15 g is accelerated to velocities on the order of 1 to 2 km/s in <2 ms in a linear rail gun accelerator. A partially fragmented capsule is then injected into the tokamak discharge in the 3- to 6-ms timescale, where the radiative payload is dispersed. The device referred to as an electromagnetic particle injector has the potential to meet the short warning timescales for which a reactor disruption mitigation system must be built. The system is fully electromagnetic, with no mechanical moving parts, which ensures high reliability after a period of long standby.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1335330

Journal Information:: Fusion Science and Technology, Journal Name: Fusion Science and Technology Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 68; ISSN 1536-1055

Publisher:: American Nuclear SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (20)

FIRE, a novel concept of massive gas injection for disruption mitigation in ITER: Validation on Tore Supra Saint-Laurent, F.; Martin, G.; Alarcon, T. Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 89, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.09.007	journal	December 2014
Disruptions in ITER and strategies for their control and mitigation Lehnen, M.; Aleynikova, K.; Aleynikov, P. B. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 463 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.10.075	journal	August 2015
Characterization of heat loads from mitigated and unmitigated vertical displacement events in DIII-D Hollmann, E. M.; Commaux, N.; Eidietis, N. W. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4810792	journal	June 2013
Status of research toward the ITER disruption mitigation system Hollmann, E. M.; Aleynikov, P. B.; Fülöp, T. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4901251	journal	November 2014
A numerical investigation of the effects of impurity penetration depth on disruption mitigation by massive high-pressure gas jet Izzo, V. A. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 46, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/46/5/006	journal	March 2006
Disruption scenarios, their mitigation and operation window in ITER Sugihara, M.; Shimada, M.; Fujieda, H. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/47/4/012	journal	March 2007
Non-inductive solenoid-less plasma current startup in NSTX using transient CHI Raman, R.; Mueller, D.; Jarboe, T. R. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/009	journal	July 2007
Measurements of injected impurity assimilation during massive gas injection experiments in DIII-D Hollmann, E. M.; Jernigan, T. C.; Parks, P. B. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 48, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/48/11/115007	journal	September 2008
Demonstration of rapid shutdown using large shattered deuterium pellet injection in DIII-D Commaux, N.; Baylor, L. R.; Jernigan, T. C. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 50, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/50/11/112001	journal	September 2010
Experimental study of disruption mitigation using massive injection of noble gases on Tore Supra Reux, C.; Bucalossi, J.; Saint-Laurent, F. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 50, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/50/9/095006	journal	July 2010
Disruption mitigation by massive gas injection in JET Lehnen, M.; Alonso, A.; Arnoux, G. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/51/12/123010	journal	November 2011
Rapid shutdown experiments with one and two gas jets on Alcator C-Mod Olynyk, G. M.; Granetz, R. S.; Reinke, M. L. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/53/9/092001	journal	August 2013
Modelling penetration and plasma response of a dense neutral gas jet in a post-thermal quenched plasma Parks, P. B.; Wu, W. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/54/2/023002	journal	January 2014
Disruption studies in ASDEX Upgrade in view of ITER Pautasso, G.; Coster, D.; Eich, T. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/51/12/124056	journal	November 2009
Experimental Demonstration of Acceleration and Focusing of Magnetically Confined Plasma Rings Hammer, James H.; Hartman, Charles W.; Eddleman, James L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 61, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.2843	journal	December 1988
Limits to the velocity of solid armatures in railguns Long, G. C.; Weldon, W. F. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 25, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.22562	journal	January 1989
Effect of rail dimension on current distribution and inductance gradient Keshtkar, A. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 41, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2004.838761	journal	January 2005
Alternative Techniques for Injecting Massive Quantities of Gas for Plasma-Disruption Mitigation Combs, S. K.; Meitner, S. J.; Baylor, L. R. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 38, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2009.2038781	journal	March 2010
Study of the Current Distribution, Magnetic Field, and Inductance Gradient of Rectangular and Circular Railguns Bayati, M. S.; Keshtkar, A. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 41, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2013.2251477	journal	May 2013
Disruption Mitigation System Developments and Design for ITER Baylor, L. R.; Barbier, C. C.; Carmichael, J. R. Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 68, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.13182/FST14-926	journal	September 2015

Cited By (2)

Modeling of Ablatant Deposition from Electromagnetically Driven Radiative Pellets for Disruption Mitigation Studies Lunsford, Robert; Raman, Roger; Brooks, A. Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 75, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2019.1629246	journal	July 2019
Electromagnetic particle injector for fast time response disruption mitigation in tokamaks Raman, R.; Lay, W. -S.; Jarboe, T. R. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aaf192	journal	December 2018

Similar Records

Prototype tests of the electromagnetic particle injector-2 for fast time response disruption mitigation in tokamaks

Journal Article · Thu Nov 04 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Nuclear Fusion · OSTI ID:1856181

Electromagnetic Particle Injector for Fast Time Response Disruption Mitigation in Tokamaks

Dataset · Thu Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · OSTI ID:1562070

Electromagnetic particle injector for fast time response disruption mitigation in tokamaks

Journal Article · Wed Dec 12 23:00:00 EST 2018 · Nuclear Fusion · OSTI ID:1487262

Related Subjects

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
INDUCTANCE GRADIENT
ITER
RAILGUNS
disruption
electromagnetic particle injector
mitigation

Fast Time Response Electromagnetic Disruption Mitigation Concept

Citation Formats

References (20)

Cited By (2)

Similar Records

Related Subjects