Electromagnetic particle injector for fast time response disruption mitigation in tokamaks

Raman, R.; Lay, W. -S.; Jarboe, T. R.; Menard, J. E.; Ono, M.

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/aaf192

Electromagnetic particle injector for fast time response disruption mitigation in tokamaks

Journal Article · Wed Dec 12 23:00:00 EST 2018 · Nuclear Fusion

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aaf192· OSTI ID:1487262

^[1]; Lay, W. -S. ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; Ono, M. ^[2]

Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

A novel, rapid time-response, disruption mitigation system referred to as the electromagnetic particle injector (EPI) is described. This method can accurately deliver the radiative payload to the plasma center on a <10 ms time scale, much faster, and deeper, than what can be achieved using conventional methods. The EPI system accelerates a sabot electromagnetically. The sabot is a metallic capsule that can be accelerated to desired velocities by an electromagnetic impeller. At the end of its acceleration, within 2 ms, the sabot will release a radiative payload, which is composed of low-z granules, or a shell pellet containing smaller pellets. The primary advantage of the EPI concept over gas propelled systems is its potential to meet short warning time scales, while accurately delivering the required particle size and materials at the velocities needed for achieving the required penetration depth in high power ITER-scale discharges for thermal and runaway current disruption mitigation. In conclusion, the present experimental tests from a prototype system have demonstrated the acceleration of a 3.2 g sabot to over 150 m s^–1 within 1.5 ms, consistent with the calculations, giving some degree of confidence that larger ITER-scale injector can be developed.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466

OSTI ID:: 1487262

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 22929610

Journal Information:: Nuclear Fusion, Journal Name: Nuclear Fusion Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 59; ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (20)

High-speed hydrogen pellet acceleration using an electromagnetic railgun system Onozuka, Masanori; Oda, Yasushi; Azuma, Kingo Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 36, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-3796(97)00025-2	journal	July 1997
Repetitive two‐stage light gas gun for high‐speed pellet injection Combs, S. K.; Foust, C. R.; Fehling, D. T. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 62, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1142402	journal	August 1991
Main characteristics of the fast disruption mitigation valve Bozhenkov, S. A.; Finken, K. -H.; Lehnen, M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 78, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2712798	journal	March 2007
Low-Z Shell Pellet Experiments on DIII-D Hollmann, E. M.; James, A. N.; Parks, P. B. ATOMIC PROCESSES IN PLASMAS: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Atomic Processes in Plasmas, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3241211	conference	January 2009
Status of research toward the ITER disruption mitigation system Hollmann, E. M.; Aleynikov, P. B.; Fülöp, T. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4901251	journal	November 2014
Thermal quench mitigation and current quench control by injection of mixed species shattered pellets in DIII-D Shiraki, D.; Commaux, N.; Baylor, L. R. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4954389	journal	June 2016
Poloidal radiation asymmetries during disruption mitigation by massive gas injection on the DIII-D tokamak Eidietis, N. W.; Izzo, V. A.; Commaux, N. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5002701	journal	October 2017
A numerical investigation of the effects of impurity penetration depth on disruption mitigation by massive high-pressure gas jet Izzo, V. A. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 46, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/46/5/006	journal	March 2006
Gas jet disruption mitigation studies on Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D Granetz, R. S.; Hollmann, E. M.; Whyte, D. G. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/47/9/003	journal	August 2007
Experimental study of disruption mitigation using massive injection of noble gases on Tore Supra Reux, C.; Bucalossi, J.; Saint-Laurent, F. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 50, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/50/9/095006	journal	July 2010
Modelling penetration and plasma response of a dense neutral gas jet in a post-thermal quenched plasma Parks, P. B.; Wu, W. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/54/2/023002	journal	January 2014
First demonstration of rapid shutdown using neon shattered pellet injection for thermal quench mitigation on DIII-D Commaux, N.; Shiraki, D.; Baylor, L. R. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/56/4/046007	journal	March 2016
Disruption studies in ASDEX Upgrade in view of ITER Pautasso, G.; Coster, D.; Eich, T. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/51/12/124056	journal	November 2009
Detailed design of the large-bore 8 T superconducting magnet for the NAFASSY test facility Corato, V.; Affinito, L.; Anemona, A. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/3/034005	journal	February 2015
High-Current HTS Cables: Status and Actual Development Fietz, Walter H.; Wolf, Michael J.; Preuss, Alan IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 26, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2016.2517319	journal	June 2016
Launch to space with an electromagnetic railgun McNab, I. R. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 39, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2002.805923	journal	January 2003
Disruption-Mitigation-Technology Concepts and Implications for ITER Baylor, L. R.; Jernigan, T. C.; Combs, S. K. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 38, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2009.2039496	journal	March 2010
Pellet acceleration study with a railgun for magnetic fusion reactor refueling Honig, J.; Kim, K. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.572416	journal	April 1984
Fast Time Response Electromagnetic Disruption Mitigation Concept Raman, R.; Jarboe, T. R.; Menard, J. E. Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 68, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.13182/FST14-916	journal	November 2015
Disruption Mitigation System Developments and Design for ITER Baylor, L. R.; Barbier, C. C.; Carmichael, J. R. Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 68, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.13182/FST14-926	journal	September 2015

Cited By (1)

Modeling of Ablatant Deposition from Electromagnetically Driven Radiative Pellets for Disruption Mitigation Studies Lunsford, Robert; Raman, Roger; Brooks, A. Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 75, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2019.1629246	journal	July 2019

Similar Records

Electromagnetic Particle Injector for Fast Time Response Disruption Mitigation in Tokamaks

Dataset · Thu Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · OSTI ID:1562070

Prototype tests of the electromagnetic particle injector-2 for fast time response disruption mitigation in tokamaks

Journal Article · Thu Nov 04 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Nuclear Fusion · OSTI ID:1856181

Design of the Electromagnetic Particle Injector (EPI) for Tokamak Deployment

Journal Article · Wed May 29 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science · OSTI ID:2403053

Related Subjects

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
DMS
EPI
disruption
electromagnetic
particle injector

Electromagnetic particle injector for fast time response disruption mitigation in tokamaks

Citation Formats

References (20)

Cited By (1)

Similar Records

Related Subjects