Heterogeneous WSx/WO3 thorn-bush nanofiber electrodes for sodium-ion batteries

Ryu, Won -Hee; Wilson, Hope; Sohn, Sungwoo; Li, Jinyang; Tong, Xiao; Shaulsky, Evyatar; Schroers, Jan; Elimelech, Menachem; Taylor, Andre D.

doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b06538

Title: Heterogeneous WS_x/WO₃ thorn-bush nanofiber electrodes for sodium-ion batteries

Journal Article · Mon Jan 25 00:00:00 EST 2016 · ACS Nano

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b06538· OSTI ID:1328376

Ryu, Won -Hee ^[1]; Wilson, Hope ^[1]; Sohn, Sungwoo ^[1]; Li, Jinyang ^[1]; Tong, Xiao ^[2]; Shaulsky, Evyatar ^[1]; Schroers, Jan ^[1]; Elimelech, Menachem ^[1]; Taylor, Andre D. ^[1]

Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Heterogeneous electrode materials with hierarchical architectures promise to enable considerable improvement in future energy storage devices. In this study, we report on a tailored synthetic strategy used to create heterogeneous tungsten sulfide/oxide core–shell nanofiber materials with vertically and randomly aligned thorn-bush features, and we evaluate them as potential anode materials for high-performance Na-ion batteries. The WS_x (2 ≤ x ≤ 3, amorphous WS₃ and crystalline WS₂) nanofiber is successfully prepared by electrospinning and subsequent calcination in a reducing atmosphere. To prevent capacity degradation of the WS_x anodes originating from sulfur dissolution, a facile post-thermal treatment in air is applied to form an oxide passivation surface. Interestingly, WO₃ thorn bundles are randomly grown on the nanofiber stem, resulting from the surface conversion. We elucidate the evolving morphological and structural features of the nanofibers during post-thermal treatment. The heterogeneous thorn-bush nanofiber electrodes deliver a high second discharge capacity of 791 mAh g^–1 and improved cycle performance for 100 cycles compared to the pristine WS_x nanofiber. Lastly, we show that this hierarchical design is effective in reducing sulfur dissolution, as shown by cycling analysis with counter Na electrodes.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC00112704

OSTI ID:: 1328376

Report Number(s):: BNL-112684-2016-JA; KC0403020

Journal Information:: ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 3; ISSN 1936-0851

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 105 works

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
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Title: Heterogeneous WSx/WO3 thorn-bush nanofiber electrodes for sodium-ion batteries

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Title: Heterogeneous WS_x/WO₃ thorn-bush nanofiber electrodes for sodium-ion batteries