Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K

Kwolek, Emma J.; Lei, Huaping; Lii-Rosales, Ann; Wallingford, Mark; Zhou, Yinghui; Wang, Cai -Zhuang; Tringides, Michael C.; Evans, James W.; Thiel, Patricia A.

doi:10.1063/1.4953611

Title: Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K

Journal Article · Mon Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of Chemical Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953611· OSTI ID:1257367

^[1];

^[1]; Lii-Rosales, Ann ^[1]; Wallingford, Mark ^[2]; Zhou, Yinghui ^[2]; Wang, Cai -Zhuang ^[1]; Tringides, Michael C. ^[1];

^[1]; Thiel, Patricia A. ^[1]

Ames Lab. and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)

We have studied nucleation and growth of Dy islands on the basal plane of graphite at 300 K using scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory (DFT) in a form that includes van der Waals interactions, and analytic theory. The interaction of atomic Dy with graphite is strong, while the diffusion barrier is small. Experiment shows that at 300 K, the density of nucleated islands is close to the value predicted for homogeneous nucleation, using critical nucleus size of 1 and the DFT-derived diffusion barrier. Homogeneous nucleation is also supported by the monomodal shape of the island size distributions. Comparison with the published island density of Dy on graphene shows that the value is about two orders of magnitude smaller on graphite, which can be attributed to more effective charge screening in graphite. The base of each island is 3 atomic layers high and atomically ordered, forming a coincidence lattice with the graphite. Islands resist coalescence, probably due to multiple rotational orientations associated with the coincidence lattice. Upper levels grow as discernible single-atom layers. Analysis of the level populations reveals significant downward interlayer transport, which facilitates growth of the base. As a result, this island shape is metastable, since more compact three-dimensional islands form at elevated growth temperature.

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Research Organization:: Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: CHE-1111500; AC02-07CH11358

OSTI ID:: 1257367

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1256781

Report Number(s):: IS-J-8894; JCPSA6

Journal Information:: Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 145, Issue 21; ISSN 0021-9606

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
graphite
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nucleation
adsorption
homogeneous nucleation
magnetic islands
density functional theory

Title: Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K

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