Scalable fabrication of efficient organolead trihalide perovskite solar cells with doctor-bladed active layers

Deng, Yehao; Peng, Edwin; Shao, Yuchuan; Xiao, Zhengguo; Dong, Qingfeng; Huang, Jinsong

doi:10.1039/C4EE03907F

Scalable fabrication of efficient organolead trihalide perovskite solar cells with doctor-bladed active layers

Journal Article · Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Energy & Environmental Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C4EE03907F· OSTI ID:1237999

Deng, Yehao ^[1]; Peng, Edwin ^[2]; Shao, Yuchuan ^[2]; Xiao, Zhengguo ^[2]; Dong, Qingfeng ^[2]; Huang, Jinsong ^[2]

Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States); University of Nebraska, Lincoln
Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States)

Organolead trihalide perovskites (OTPs) are nature abundant materials with prospects as future low-cost renewable energy sources boosted by the solution process capability of these materials. Here we report the fabrication of efficient OTP devices by a simple, high throughput and low-cost doctor-blade coating process which can be compatible with the roll-to-roll fabrication process for the large scale production of perovskite solar cell panels. The formulation of appropriate precursor inks by removing impurities is shown to be critical in the formation of continuous, pin-hole free and phase-pure perovskite films on large area substrates, which is assisted by a high deposition temperature to guide the nucleation and grain growth process. The domain size reached 80–250 μm in 1.5–2 μm thick bladed films. By controlling the stoichiometry and thickness of the OTP films, highest device efficiencies of 12.8% and 15.1% are achieved in the devices fabricated on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate and cross-linked N4,N4'-bis(4-(6-((3-ethyloxetan-3-yl)methoxy)hexyl)phenyl)–N4,N4'-diphenylbiphenyl-4,4'-diamine covered ITO substrates. Furthermore, the carrier diffusion length in doctor-bladed OTP films is beyond 3.5 μm which is significantly larger than in the spin-coated films, due to the formation of crystalline grains with a very large size by the doctor-blade coating method.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0006709

OSTI ID:: 1237999

Journal Information:: Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Name: Energy & Environmental Science Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 8; ISSN EESNBY; ISSN 1754-5692

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Surfactant-controlled ink drying enables high-speed deposition of perovskite films for efficient photovoltaic modules Deng, Yehao; Zheng, Xiaopeng; Bai, Yang Nature Energy, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0153-9	journal	May 2018
Spray-cast multilayer perovskite solar cells with an active-area of 1.5 cm2 Bishop, James E.; Mohamad, David K.; Wong-Stringer, Michael Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08642-2	journal	August 2017
Perovskite Thin Film Synthesised from Sputtered Lead Sulphide Silva Filho, José Maria Clemente da; Ermakov, Viktor A.; Marques, Francisco Chagas Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19746-8	journal	January 2018
Influence of chromium hyperdoping on the electronic structure of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite: a first-principles insight García, Gregorio; Palacios, Pablo; Menéndez-Proupin, Eduardo Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20851-x	journal	February 2018
Enhanced Efficiency of Carbon-Based Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells through a Tungsten Oxide Nanoparticle Additive in the Carbon Electrode Zhou, Lin; Zuo, Yuhua; Mallick, Tapas Kumar Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45374-x	journal	June 2019
Large Size Color-tunable Electroluminescence from Cationic Iridium Complexes-based Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells Zeng, Qunying; Li, Fushan; Guo, Tailiang Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27613	journal	June 2016
UV Degradation and Recovery of Perovskite Solar Cells Lee, Sang-Won; Kim, Seongtak; Bae, Soohyun Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38150	journal	December 2016
Organic–inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites for optoelectronic and electronic applications Zhao, Yixin; Zhu, Kai Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 45, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cs00458b	journal	January 2016
Abnormal crystal growth in CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _3−x Cl _x using a multi-cycle solution coating process Dong, Qingfeng; Yuan, Yongbo; Shao, Yuchuan Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ee01179e	journal	January 2015
High efficiency flexible perovskite solar cells using superior low temperature TiO ₂ Yang, Dong; Yang, Ruixia; Zhang, Jing Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ee02155c	journal	January 2015
Vividly colorful hybrid perovskite solar cells by doctor-blade coating with perovskite photonic nanostructures Deng, Yehao; Wang, Qi; Yuan, Yongbo Materials Horizons, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5mh00126a	journal	January 2015
Recent progress in electron transport layers for efficient perovskite solar cells Yang, Guang; Tao, Hong; Qin, Pingli Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ta09011c	journal	January 2016
Interface engineering toward enhanced efficiency of planar perovskite solar cells Jiang, Lu-Lu; Cong, Shan; Lou, Yan-Hui Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ta09231k	journal	January 2016
Recent advancements in perovskite solar cells: flexibility, stability and large scale Ye, Meidan; Hong, Xiaodan; Zhang, Fayin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ta09661h	journal	January 2016
Beyond methylammonium lead iodide: prospects for the emergent field of ns ² containing solar absorbers Ganose, Alex M.; Savory, Christopher N.; Scanlon, David O. Chemical Communications, Vol. 53, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cc06475b	journal	January 2017
Unraveling the hidden function of a stabilizer in a precursor in improving hybrid perovskite film morphology for high efficiency solar cells Xiao, Zhengguo; Wang, Dong; Dong, Qingfeng Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ee00183a	journal	January 2016
Grain boundary dominated ion migration in polycrystalline organic–inorganic halide perovskite films Shao, Yuchuan; Fang, Yanjun; Li, Tao Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ee00413j	journal	January 2016
Achieving long-term stable perovskite solar cells via ion neutralization Back, Hyungcheol; Kim, Geunjin; Kim, Junghwan Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ee00612d	journal	January 2016
Scaling behavior of moisture-induced grain degradation in polycrystalline hybrid perovskite thin films Wang, Qi; Chen, Bo; Liu, Ye Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ee02941h	journal	January 2017
Solution-processed highly bright and durable cesium lead halide perovskite light-emitting diodes Wei, Zhanhua; Perumal, Ajay; Su, Rui Nanoscale, Vol. 8, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6nr05330k	journal	January 2016
Cooperative tin oxide fullerene electron selective layers for high-performance planar perovskite solar cells Ke, Weijun; Zhao, Dewei; Xiao, Chuanxiao Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta05095f	journal	January 2016
Three in situ -synthesized novel inorganic–organic hybrid materials based on metal (M = Bi, Pb) iodide and organoamine using one-pot reactions: structures, band gaps and optoelectronic properties Yan, Zhi Shuo; Long, Ji Ying; Gong, Yun New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7nj02815f	journal	January 2018
Fullerene derivative with a branched alkyl chain exhibits enhanced charge extraction and stability in inverted planar perovskite solar cells Tian, Chengbo; Castro, Edison; Betancourt-Solis, German New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7nj04978a	journal	January 2018
ITIC surface modification to achieve synergistic electron transport layer enhancement for planar-type perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 20% Jiang, Jiexuan; Jin, Zhiwen; Lei, Jie Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta01636k	journal	January 2017
Manipulation of the crystallization of perovskite films induced by a rotating magnetic field during blade coating in air Lin, Yichuan; Ye, Xiaoqin; Wu, Zhiming Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta09721b	journal	January 2018
Progress in fullerene-based hybrid perovskite solar cells Castro, Edison; Murillo, Jesse; Fernandez-Delgado, Olivia Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc04302c	journal	January 2018
Low-dimensional halide perovskites: review and issues Hong, Kootak; Le, Quyet Van; Kim, Soo Young Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc05658c	journal	January 2018
Solution-processed resistive switching memory devices based on hybrid organic–inorganic materials and composites Shan, Yingying; Lyu, Zhensheng; Guan, Xinwei Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp03945c	journal	January 2018
Perovskite precursor solution chemistry: from fundamentals to photovoltaic applications Jung, Minsu; Ji, Sang-Geun; Kim, Gwisu Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 48, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00656c	journal	January 2019
Recent progressive efforts in perovskite solar cells toward commercialization Kim, Byeong Jo; Lee, Sangwook; Jung, Hyun Suk Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta02159g	journal	January 2018
Large-area perovskite solar cells with Cs _x FA _1−x PbI _3−y Br _y thin films deposited by a vapor–solid reaction method Luo, Long; Zhang, Yulong; Chai, Nianyao Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta06557h	journal	January 2018
Defect tolerant perovskite solar cells from blade coated non-toxic solvents Bi, Zhuoneng; Rodríguez-Martínez, Xabier; Aranda, Clara Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta06771f	journal	January 2018
Effects of temperature and coating speed on the morphology of solution-sheared halide perovskite thin-films Kim, Min Kyu; Lee, Hyeon Seok; Pae, Seong Ryul Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta08565j	journal	January 2018
Multifunctional asymmetrical molecules for high-performance perovskite and organic solar cells Gao, Wei; Wu, Fei; Liu, Tao Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta10975c	journal	January 2019
Bi-functional additive engineering for high-performance perovskite solar cells with reduced trap density Yang, Yi; Peng, Huirong; Liu, Cheng Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta11925b	journal	January 2019
Crosslinked and dopant free hole transport materials for efficient and stable planar perovskite solar cells Zhang, Yun; Kou, Chun; Zhang, Junjie Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta12060a	journal	January 2019
Dimethyl-sulfoxide-assisted improvement in the crystallization of lead-acetate-based perovskites for high-performance solar cells Liu, Yawen; Liu, Zhihai; Lee, Eun-Cheol Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tc01570h	journal	January 2018
Two-dimensional additive diethylammonium iodide promoting crystal growth for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells Huang, Xin; Cui, Qiuhong; Bi, Wentao RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra01186b	journal	January 2019
Current progress in interfacial engineering of carbon-based perovskite solar cells Meng, Fanning; Liu, Anmin; Gao, Liguo Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01364d	journal	January 2019
Recent progress in inkjet-printed solar cells Karunakaran, Santhosh Kumar; Arumugam, Gowri Manohari; Yang, Wentao Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta03155c	journal	January 2019
Solvation effect in precursor solution enables over 16% efficiency in thick 2D perovskite solar cells Lian, Xiaomei; Chen, Jiehuan; Zhang, Yingzhu Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta06009j	journal	January 2019
Ambient blade coating of mixed cation, mixed halide perovskites without dripping: in situ investigation and highly efficient solar cells Tang, Ming-Chun; Fan, Yuanyuan; Barrit, Dounya Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta12890e	journal	January 2020
Control of aggregation and dissolution of small molecule hole transport layers via a doping strategy for highly efficient perovskite solar cells Ali, Jazib; Song, Jingnan; Li, Yu Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc03120k	journal	January 2019
2D layered perovskite containing functionalised benzothieno-benzothiophene molecules: formation, degradation, optical properties and photoconductivity Van Gompel, Wouter T. M.; Herckens, Roald; Denis, Paul-Henry Journal of Materials Chemistry C https://doi.org/10.1039/d0tc01053g	journal	January 2020
Carrier diffusion in thin-film CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ perovskite measured using four-wave mixing Webber, D.; Clegg, C.; Mason, A. W. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4989970	journal	September 2017
Viscosity, surface tension, density and contact angle of selected PbI ₂ , PbCl ₂ and methylammonium lead halide perovskite solutions used in perovskite solar cells Ahmadian-Yazdi, Mohammad-Reza; Rahimzadeh, Amin; Chouqi, Zineb AIP Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5019784	journal	February 2018
A perspective on the recent progress in solution-processed methods for highly efficient perovskite solar cells Chilvery, Ashwith; Das, Sanjib; Guggilla, Padmaja Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2016.1226120	journal	October 2016
Recent advances in interfacial engineering of perovskite solar cells Ye, Meidan; He, Chunfeng; Iocozzia, James Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa7cb0	journal	August 2017
Solution-processed bathocuproine cathode buffer layer towards efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells Wang, Yunxiang; Zhang, Jihua; Wu, Yanhua Semiconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 34, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/ab2309	journal	June 2019
Meniscus fabrication of halide perovskite thin films at high throughput for large area and low-cost solar panels Dai, Xuezeng; Deng, Yehao; Van Brackle, Charles H. International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/ab263e	journal	June 2019
Time-resolved imaging of carrier transport in halide perovskite thin films and evidence for nondiffusive transport Sridharan, Aravindan; Noel, Nakita K.; Hwang, Hyeon Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.125403	journal	December 2019
Pathways toward high-performance perovskite solar cells: review of recent advances in organo-metal halide perovskites for photovoltaic applications Song, Zhaoning; Watthage, Suneth C.; Phillips, Adam B. Journal of Photonics for Energy, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jpe.6.022001	journal	April 2016
A general printing approach for scalable growth of perovskite single-crystal films Gu, Zhenkun; Huang, Zhandong; Li, Chang Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2390	journal	June 2018
Bilateral alkylamine for suppressing charge recombination and improving stability in blade-coated perovskite solar cells Wu, Wu-Qiang; Yang, Zhibin; Rudd, Peter N. Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav8925	journal	March 2019
Editors' Choice—Stability of Unstable Perovskites: Recent Strategies for Making Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Mali, Sawanta S.; Patil, Jyoti V.; Arandiyan, Hamidreza ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0201906jss	journal	January 2019
Perovskite Solar Cells: Potentials, Challenges, and Opportunities Ahmed, Muhammad Imran; Habib, Amir; Javaid, Syed Saad International Journal of Photoenergy, Vol. 2015 https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/592308	journal	January 2015
Numerical optical optimization of monolithic planar perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells with regular and inverted device architectures Jäger, Klaus; Korte, Lars; Rech, Bernd Optics Express, Vol. 25, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.00a473	journal	January 2017
Surfactant-controlled ink drying enables high-speed deposition of perovskite films for efficient photovoltaic modules X., Zheng,; Q., Wang,; Y., Bai, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/06w1-cw07	text	January 2018
Molecular doping enabled scalable blading of efficient hole-transport-layer-free perovskite solar cells A., Gruverman,; Y., Shao,; Y., Liu, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/236r-qz11	text	January 2018
Composition Engineering in Doctor-Blading of Perovskite Solar Cells Y., Fang,; Q., Dong,; J., Huang, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/f38k-7987	text	January 2017
Bilateral alkylamine for suppressing charge recombination and improving stability in blade-coated perovskite solar cells J., Huang,; X., Xiao,; J., Zhao, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/r232-5f04	text	January 2019
Meniscus-assisted solution printing of large-grained perovskite films for high-efficiency solar cells P., Szymanski,; Y., He,; M. A., Ei-Sayed, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/y8f3-3655	text	January 2017
Back-Contact Perovskite Solar Cells Friend, Richard; Deschler, Felix; Pazos-Outón, Luis M. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.37328	text	January 2019
Back-Contact Perovskite Solar Cells Friend, Richard H.; Deschler, Felix; Pazos-Outón, Luis M. Scientific Video Protocols, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.32386/scivpro.000005	journal	January 2018
Flexible and Transparent Substrates Based on Gold Nanoparticles and TiO2 for in Situ Bioanalysis by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Mandrile, Luisa; Giovannozzi, Andrea; Sacco, Alessio Biosensors, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/bios9040145	journal	December 2019
Defect-Free Large-Area (25 cm2) Light Absorbing Perovskite Thin Films Made by Spray Coating Habibi, Mehran; Rahimzadeh, Amin; Bennouna, Inas Coatings, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings7030042	journal	March 2017
Perovskite Solar Cells: Progress and Advancements Elumalai, Naveen; Mahmud, Md; Wang, Dian Energies, Vol. 9, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.3390/en9110861	journal	October 2016
A Review of Perovskite Photovoltaic Materials’ Synthesis and Applications via Chemical Vapor Deposition Method Liu, Xia; Cao, Lianzhen; Guo, Zhen Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203304	journal	October 2019
Micrometric Wrinkled Patterns Spontaneously Formed on Hydrogel Thin Films via Argon Plasma Exposure González-Henríquez, Carmen M.; Veliz-Silva, Diego F.; Sarabia-Vallejos, Mauricio A. Molecules, Vol. 24, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040751	journal	February 2019
Carrier Diffusion in Thin-Film CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Measured using Four-Wave Mixing Webber, D.; Clegg, C.; Mason, A. W. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1706.04154	text	January 2017
Coated and Printed Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications Howard, Ian A.; Abzieher, Tobias; Hossain, Ihteaz M. Wiley https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000093372	text	January 2019
Drying Dynamics of Solution‐Processed Perovskite Thin‐Film Photovoltaics: In Situ Characterization, Modeling, and Process Control Ternes, Simon; Börnhorst, Tobias; Schwenzer, Jonas A. Wiley-VCH Verlag https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000097909	text	January 2019

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