Low-Temperature Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Electrochemistry of Ni-Rich Spinel-like LiNi 2–y Mn y O 4 (0.4 ≤ y ≤ 1)
- Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Materials Science and Engineering Program
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
The thermal conversion of chemically delithiated layered Li0.5Ni1-yMnyO2 (0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.5) into spinel-like LiNi2-yMnyO4 (0.4 ≤ y ≤ 1) has been systematically investigated. The formed spinel-like phases are metastable and cannot be accessed by a conventional high-temperature solid-state method. The layered-to-spinel transformation mechanism has been studied by the Rietveld refinement of in situ neutron diffraction as a function of temperature (25–300 °C). In particular, the ionic diffusion of Li and M ions is quantified at different temperatures. Electrochemistry of the metastable spinel-like phases obtained has been studied in lithium-ion cells. A bond valence sum map has been performed to understand the ionic diffusion of lithium ions in the Ni-rich layered, spinel, and rock-salt structures. The study can aid the understanding of the possible phases that could be formed during the cycling of Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- National Science Foundation (NSF); OTHER
- OSTI ID:
- 1235475
- Journal Information:
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 22; ISSN 0897-4756
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
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