Oxygen Reduction Reaction Measurements on Platinum Electrocatalysts Utilizing Rotating Disk Electrode Technique: II. Influence of Ink Formulation, Catalyst Layer Uniformity and Thickness

Shinozaki, Kazuma; Zack, Jason W.; Pylypenko, Svitlana; Pivovar, Bryan S.; Kocha, Shyam S.

doi:10.1149/2.0551512jes

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Measurements on Platinum Electrocatalysts Utilizing Rotating Disk Electrode Technique: II. Influence of Ink Formulation, Catalyst Layer Uniformity and Thickness

Journal Article · Thu Sep 17 04:00:00 EDT 2015 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0551512jes· OSTI ID:1233476

Shinozaki, Kazuma ^[1]; Zack, Jason W. ^[2]; Pylypenko, Svitlana ^[3]; Pivovar, Bryan S. ^[2]; Kocha, Shyam S. ^[2]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States); Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Aichi (Japan)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)

Platinum electrocatalysts supported on high surface area and Vulcan carbon blacks (Pt/HSC, Pt/V) were characterized in rotating disk electrode (RDE) setups for electrochemical area (ECA) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) area specific activity (SA) and mass specific activity (MA) at 0.9 V. Films fabricated using several ink formulations and film-drying techniques were characterized for a statistically significant number of independent samples. The highest quality Pt/HSC films exhibited MA 870 ± 91 mA/mgPt and SA 864 ± 56 μA/cm² Pt while Pt/V had MA 706 ± 42 mA/mgPt and SA 1120 ± 70 μA/cm² Pt when measured in 0.1 M HClO₄, 20 mV/s, 100 kPa O₂and 23±2°C. An enhancement factor of 2.8 in themeasured SA was observable on eliminating Nafion ionomer and employing extremely thin, uniform films (~4.5 μg/cm² Pt) of Pt/HSC. The ECA for Pt/HSC (99 ± 7 m2/gPt) and Pt/V (65 ± 5 m²/gPt) were statistically invariant and insensitive to film uniformity/thickness/fabrication technique; accordingly, enhancements in MA are wholly attributable to increases in SA. Impedance measurements coupled with scanning electron microscopy were used to de-convolute the losses within the catalyst layer and ascribed to the catalyst layer resistance, oxygen diffusion, and sulfonate anion adsorption/blocking. The ramifications of these results for proton exchange membrane fuel cells have also been examined.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States))

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Fuel Cell Technologies Program (EE-3F)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1233476

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5900-65578

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 162; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Self-assembly of noble metal monolayers on transition metal carbide nanoparticle catalysts Hunt, S. T.; Milina, M.; Alba-Rubio, A. C. Science, Vol. 352, Issue 6288 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad8471	journal	May 2016
Experimental Protocol for HOR and ORR in Alkaline Electrochemical Measurements Campos-Roldán, C. A.; González-Huerta, R. G.; Alonso-Vante, N. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0011815jes	journal	January 2018
Fuel-Cell Catalyst-Layer Resistance via Hydrogen Limiting-Current Measurements Schuler, Tobias; Chowdhury, Anamika; Freiberg, Anna T. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0031907jes	journal	January 2019
Improved Accelerated Stress Tests for ORR Catalysts Using a Rotating Disk Electrode Nagai, Tomoyuki; Jahn, Christine; Jia, Hongfei Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0161907jes	journal	January 2019
Durability of Electrocatalysts for ORR: Pt on Nanocomposite of Reduced Graphene Oxide with FTO versus Pt/C Schonvogel, Dana; Hülstede, Julia; Wagner, Peter Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0361806jes	journal	January 2018
Evaluating Hydrogen Evolution and Oxidation in Alkaline Media to Establish Baselines Alia, Shaun M.; Pivovar, Bryan S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0361807jes	journal	January 2018
Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum-Praseodymium Oxide Nanocatalysts for Methanol Electrooxidation Valk, Peeter; Nerut, Jaak; Kanarbik, Rait Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0691914jes	journal	January 2019
Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum-Cerium Oxide Nanocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation Valk, P.; Nerut, J.; Kanarbik, R. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0781805jes	journal	January 2018
Key Considerations for High Current Fuel Cell Catalyst Testing in an Electrochemical Half-Cell Pinaud, Blaise A.; Bonakdarpour, Arman; Daniel, Lius Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0891704jes	journal	January 2017
Evaluating Electrocatalysts at Relevant Currents in a Half-Cell: The Impact of Pt Loading on Oxygen Reduction Reaction Ehelebe, Konrad; Seeberger, Dominik; Paul, Mike T. Y. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0911915jes	journal	January 2019
Stability of Pt Nanoparticles on Alternative Carbon Supports for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Schonvogel, Dana; Hülstede, Julia; Wagner, Peter Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1611709jes	journal	January 2017
Engineering Ru@Pt Core-Shell Catalysts for Enhanced Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Mass Activity and Stability Jackson, Ariel; Strickler, Alaina; Higgins, Drew Nanomaterials, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8010038	journal	January 2018
Benchmarking high surface area electrocatalysts in a gas diffusion electrode: measurement of oxygen reduction activities under realistic conditions Inaba, Masanori; Jensen, Anders Westergaard; Sievers, Gustav Wilhelm Royal Society of Chemistry https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.122191	text	January 2018

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