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Characterization of explosives processing waste decomposition due to composting. Phase 2, Final report

Technical Report ·
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/10142900· OSTI ID:10142900
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Static pile and mechanically stirred composts generated at the Umatilla Army Depot Activity in a field composting optimization study were chemically and toxicologically characterized to provide data for the evaluation of composting efficiency to decontaminate and detoxify explosives-contaminated soil. Characterization included determination of explosives and 2,4,6,-trinitrotoluene metabolites in composts and their EPA Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure Leachates, leachate toxicity to Ceriodaphnia Dubia and mutagenicity of the leachates and organic solvent extracts of the composts to Ames bacterial strains TA-98 and TA-100. The main conclusion from this study is that composting can effectively reduce the concentrations of explosives and bacterial mutagenicity in explosives -- contaminated soil, and can reduce the aquatic toxicity of leachable compounds. Small levels of explosive and metabolites, bacterial mutagenicity, and leachable aquatic toxicity remain after composting. The ultimate fate of the biotransformed explosives, and the source(s) of residual toxicity and mutagenicity remain unknown.
Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Department of Defense, Washington, DC (United States)
DOE Contract Number:
AC05-84OR21400
OSTI ID:
10142900
Report Number(s):
ORNL/TM--12029; ON: DE92013304; IN: DOE IAG 1016-B123-A1
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
450100
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540220
560300
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BACTERIA
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL EXPLOSIONS AND EXPLOSIVES
CHEMICAL EXPLOSIVES
CHEMICALS METABOLISM AND TOXICOLOGY
CHEMICALS MONITORING AND TRANSPORT
COMPOSTING
DECOMPOSITION
DECONTAMINATION
LEACHATES
NITRO COMPOUNDS
PROGRESS REPORT
SOILS
TNT
TOXICITY