Deterministic multi-qubit entanglement in a quantum network

Zhong, Youpeng; Chang, Hung-Shen; Bienfait, Audrey; Dumur, Étienne; Chou, Ming-Han; Conner, Christopher R.; Grebel, Joel; Povey, Rhys G.; Yan, Haoxiong; Schuster, David I.; Cleland, Andrew N.

doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03288-7

Title: Deterministic multi-qubit entanglement in a quantum network

Journal Article · Wed Feb 24 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Nature (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03288-7· OSTI ID:1774627

^[1];

^[1]; Bienfait, Audrey ^[1];

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^[1];

^[1]; Grebel, Joel ^[1];

^[1]; Yan, Haoxiong ^[1]; Schuster, David I. ^[1];

^[2]

Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

High-fidelity deterministic quantum state transfer and multi-qubit entanglement are demonstrated in a quantum network comprising two superconducting quantum nodes one metre apart, with each node including three interconnected qubits. The generation of high-fidelity distributed multi-qubit entanglement is a challenging task for large-scale quantum communication and computational networks. The deterministic entanglement of two remote qubits has recently been demonstrated with both photons and phonons. However, the deterministic generation and transmission of multi-qubit entanglement has not been demonstrated, primarily owing to limited state-transfer fidelities. Here we report a quantum network comprising two superconducting quantum nodes connected by a one-metre-long superconducting coaxial cable, where each node includes three interconnected qubits. By directly connecting the cable to one qubit in each node, we transfer quantum states between the nodes with a process fidelity of 0.911 +/- 0.008. We also prepare a three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state in one node and deterministically transfer this state to the other node, with a transferred-state fidelity of 0.656 +/- 0.014. We further use this system to deterministically generate a globally distributed two-node, six-qubit GHZ state with a state fidelity of 0.722 +/- 0.021. In this work, the GHZ state fidelities are clearly above the threshold of 1/2 for genuine multipartite entanglement, showing that this architecture can be used to coherently link together multiple superconducting quantum processors, providing a modular approach for building large-scale quantum computers.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); US Army Research Laboratory (USARL); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); David and Lucile Packard Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; DMR-2011854; NNCI1542205; 2016136

OSTI ID:: 1774627

Journal Information:: Nature (London), Vol. 590, Issue 7847; ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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