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Title: GREAT3 results - I. Systematic errors in shear estimation and the impact of real galaxy morphology

Journal Article · · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv781· OSTI ID:1221749
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  1. Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
  2. Univ. College London, London (United Kingdom)
  3. Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
  4. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  5. Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris (France)
  6. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (France)
  7. Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Versoix (Switzerland)
  8. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  9. Univ. of Malta (Malta)
  10. New York Univ., New York, NY (United States)
  11. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
  12. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
  13. Univ. College London, London (United Kingdom); Institut fur Astronomie, Zurich (Switzerland)
  14. Service d'Astrophysique, Cedex (France)
  15. Shanghai Astronomibal Observatory, Shanghai (China)
  16. Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)
  17. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
  18. Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom)
  19. Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States); Univ. of Tokyo, Chiba (Japan)
  20. Argelander-Institut fur Astronomie, Bonn (Germany)
  21. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo (Japan)
  22. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA (United States)
  23. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  24. Univ. of Malta (Malta); Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom)
  25. Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Shanghai (China)
  26. Univ. of Manchester (United Kingdom)
+ Show Author Affiliations

The study present first results from the third GRavitational lEnsing Accuracy Testing (GREAT3) challenge, the third in a sequence of challenges for testing methods of inferring weak gravitational lensing shear distortions from simulated galaxy images. GREAT3 was divided into experiments to test three specific questions, and included simulated space- and ground-based data with constant or cosmologically varying shear fields. The simplest (control) experiment included parametric galaxies with a realistic distribution of signal-to-noise, size, and ellipticity, and a complex point spread function (PSF). The other experiments tested the additional impact of realistic galaxy morphology, multiple exposure imaging, and the uncertainty about a spatially varying PSF; the last two questions will be explored in Paper II. The 24 participating teams competed to estimate lensing shears to within systematic error tolerances for upcoming Stage-IV dark energy surveys, making 1525 submissions overall. GREAT3 saw considerable variety and innovation in the types of methods applied. Several teams now meet or exceed the targets in many of the tests conducted (to within the statistical errors). We conclude that the presence of realistic galaxy morphology in simulations changes shear calibration biases by ~1 per cent for a wide range of methods. Other effects such as truncation biases due to finite galaxy postage stamps, and the impact of galaxy type as measured by the Sérsic index, are quantified for the first time. Our results generalize previous studies regarding sensitivities to galaxy size and signal-to-noise, and to PSF properties such as seeing and defocus. Almost all methods’ results support the simple model in which additive shear biases depend linearly on PSF ellipticity.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC00112704
OSTI ID:
1221749
Report Number(s):
BNL-108334-2015-JA; KA2301020
Journal Information:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 450, Issue 3; ISSN 0035-8711
Publisher:
Royal Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 108 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (43)

Testing Shear Recovery with Field Distortion journal April 2019
Evidence for radial variations in the stellar mass-to-light ratio of massive galaxies from weak and strong lensing text January 2018
Constraints on Cosmology and Baryonic Feedback with the Deep Lens Survey Using Galaxy-Galaxy and Galaxy-Mass Power Spectra text January 2018
Removing the Impact of Correlated PSF Uncertainties in Weak Lensing journal May 2018
The effect of detector nonlinearity on WFIRST PSF profiles for weak gravitational lensing measurements text January 2016
KiDS-450: cosmological constraints from weak lensing peak statistics – I. Inference from analytical prediction of high signal-to-noise ratio convergence peaks journal November 2017
Towards emulating cosmic shear data: Revisiting the calibration of the shear measurements for the Kilo-Degree Survey text January 2018
The effects of calibration on the bias of shear measurements journal October 2018
An accurate and practical method for inference of weak gravitational lensing from galaxy images text January 2015
KiDS-450: cosmological parameter constraints from tomographic weak gravitational lensing journal November 2016
Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: The Impact of Galaxy Neighbours on Weak Lensing Cosmology with im3shape text January 2017
Euclid preparation : IV. Impact of undetected galaxies on weak-lensing shear measurements⋆ journal July 2019
Euclid Preparation IV. Impact of undetected galaxies on weak-lensing shear measurements text January 2019
Cosmology constraints from shear peak statistics in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data text January 2016
Radio Galaxy Shape Measurement with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo in the Visibility Domain text January 2018
Galaxy shape measurement with convolutional neural networks text January 2019
The Galaxy Cluster Mass Scale and Its Impact on Cosmological Constraints from the Cluster Population journal February 2019
MC^2: Mapping the Dark Matter Distribution of the "Toothbrush" Cluster RX J0603.3+4214 with Hubble Space Telescope and Subaru Weak-lensing text January 2015
Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: the impact of galaxy neighbours on weak lensing cosmology with im3shape journal December 2017
Evidence for radial variations in the stellar mass-to-light ratio of massive galaxies from weak and strong lensing journal August 2018
Weak lensing shear calibration with simulations of the HSC survey journal September 2018
Deep lensing with a twist: E and B modes in a field with multiple lenses journal October 2018
Radio galaxy shape measurement with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo in the visibility domain journal October 2018
Multiwavelength Analysis of the Merging Galaxy Cluster A115 journal April 2019
The Effect of Detector Nonlinearity on WFIRST PSF Profiles for Weak Gravitational Lensing Measurements journal September 2016
KiDS-450: Cosmological parameter constraints from tomographic weak gravitational lensing text January 2016
A Unified Analysis of Four Cosmic Shear Surveys text January 2018
The galaxy cluster mass scale and its impact on cosmological constraints from the cluster population text January 2019
Correlation of extragalactic γ rays with cosmic matter density distributions from weak gravitational lensing journal June 2018
MC 2 : MAPPING THE DARK MATTER DISTRIBUTION OF THE “TOOTHBRUSH” CLUSTER RX J0603.3+4214 WITH HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE AND SUBARU WEAK LENSING journal February 2016
Testing Shear Recovery with Field Distortion text January 2018
Removing the Impact of Correlated PSF Uncertainties in Weak Lensing text January 2017
SKA weak lensing– II. Simulated performance and survey design considerations journal August 2016
A unified analysis of four cosmic shear surveys journal October 2018
An accurate and practical method for inference of weak gravitational lensing from galaxy images journal April 2016
Looking through the same lens: Shear calibration for LSST, Euclid, and WFIRST with stage 4 CMB lensing journal June 2017
Towards emulating cosmic shear data: revisiting the calibration of the shear measurements for the Kilo-Degree Survey journal April 2019
Precise Mass Determination of SPT-CL J2106-5844, the Most Massive Cluster at z > 1 journal December 2019
Calibrated Ultra fast Image Simulations for the dark Energy Survey journal January 2016
Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: weak lensing shape catalogues journal August 2018
Constraints on Cosmology and Baryonic Feedback with the Deep Lens Survey Using Galaxy–Galaxy and Galaxy–Mass Power Spectra journal January 2019
Cosmology constraints from shear peak statistics in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data journal August 2016
Galaxy shape measurement with convolutional neural networks journal August 2019

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Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
gravitational lensing
weak - methods
data analysis - techniques
image processing - cosmology
observations