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Carbon Storage TRS

Meeting greenhouse gas emission reduction targets will likely require identifying and assessing subsurface storage space for sequestering billions of tonnes of CO₂ each year. Accomplishing this feat could include estimating the cost and capacity for thousands to hundreds-of-thousands of potential geologic CO₂ storage sites with CO₂ storage screening tools. In this study, we introduce a screening tool, SCO₂T^PRO, and compare and contrast it to the FE/NETL CO₂ Saline Storage Cost model (CSSC) using publicly available databases of saline reservoir properties in the United States. We find that the two tools use different methodologies to execute site-screening: SCO₂T^PRO calculates dynamic CO₂more » injection rates and plume evolution that are used to estimate operationally-realistic well spacing designs and CO₂ storage capacities, whereas CSSC combines a volumetric storage estimation approach with geology-engineering well injectivity equations that can lead to an unrealistically high number of wells. These methodological differences translate into CSSC cost estimates that are several times higher than the SCO₂T^PRO estimates and around double for the capacity estimates. SCO₂T^PRO can also screen thousands of potential storage sites in seconds, which is thousands of times faster than CSSC. Lastly, we also find there is no single publicly available dataset of saline formation properties that can be used for screening across the United States.« less