Multi-phased screen for the evaluation of topical skin protectants against various chemicals
A multi-phased screen involving both in vivo and in vitro tests was used to evaluate the efficacy of 108 topical skin protectants (TSPs) against dermal exposure to sulfur mustard (HD), pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman or GD), thickened soman (TGD), and 0-ethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothioate (VX). Assessment of TSPs in vivo involved the application of chemical agents onto a 0.1 mm thickness of TSP spread on the dorsa of rabbits. For the nerve agents GD, TGD, and VX, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in lysed red blood cells sampled periodically to 24 hr after dose application was used as an end point. Efficacy against the vesicating agent HD was assessed using the areas of dermal lesions from 1 microns L dosed at multiple sites on rabbits. The in vitro model involved delivery of 8 microns L HD or nerve agent on candidate TSPs applied at 0.015 mL/sq cm on U.S. Army M-8 chemical agent detection paper. The in vitro end point for TSP efficacy evaluation was the time to M-8 paper color change, indicating time to agent penetration. In vitro/in vivo correlations indicated good agreement for HD, GD, and TGD challenges, but not for VX.
- Research Organization:
- Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, OH (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 7310071
- Report Number(s):
- AD-P-008785/8/XAB; CNN: DAMD17-89-C-9050
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: This article is from 'Proceedings of the Medical Defense Bioscience Review (1993) Held in Baltimore, Maryland on 10-13 May 1993. Volume 1', AD-A275 667, p305-312
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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