Hemopathologic consequences of protracted gamma irradiation: alterations in granulocyte reserves and granulocyte mobilization

Journal Article · Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1980 · Blood; (United States)

OSTI ID:6839154

Seed, T M; Cullen, S M; Kaspar, L V; Tolle, D V; Fritz, T E

Aplastic anemia and myelogenous leukemia are prominent pathologic effects in beagles exposed to continuous, daily, low-dose gamma irradiation. In the present work, granulocyte reserves and related mobilization functions have been sequentially assessed by the endotoxin stress assay during the preclinical and clinical phases of these hemopoietic disorders. Characteristic patterns of granulocyte reserve mobilization are described that reflect given stages of pathologic progression. For radiation-induced leukemia, a five-stage pattern has been proposed. In contrast, a simple pattern of progressive, time-dependent contraction of granulocyte reserves and mobilization capacity was noted in the development of terminal aplastic anemia. Early preclinical phases of radiation-induced leukemia appear to involve an extensive depletion of the granulocyte reserves (phase I) during the first approx. 200 days of exposure followed by a partial renewal of the reserves and associated mobilization functions between approx. 200 and 400 days (phase II). Sustained, subnormal granulocyte mobilizations (phase III) following endotoxin stress typify the responses of dogs during the intermediate phase, whereas late preclinical, preleukemic stages (phase IV) are characterized by a further expansion of the reserves and in the mobilization capacities, particularly of the less mature granulocytes. Such late alterations in the pattern of granulocyte mobilization, together with other noted cellular aberrancies in the peripheral blood and marrow, appear to indicate leukemia (phase V) onset.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Lab., IL
• OSTI ID: 6839154
• Journal Information: Blood; (United States), Vol. 56:1
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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RADIATION EFFECTS
GAMMA RADIATION
DOSE RATES
LEUKOCYTES
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
ANEMIAS
BEAGLES
BLOOD FORMATION
BONE MARROW
ENDOTOXINS
LEUKEMIA
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ANTIGENS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
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DISEASES
DOGS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM
HEMIC DISEASES
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
NEOPLASMS
ORGANS
RADIATIONS
SYMPTOMS
TISSUES
TOXIC MATERIALS
TOXINS
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550900 - Pathology