Review: hemodynamic response to carbon monoxide
Historically, and at present, carbon monoxide is a major gaseous poison responsible for widespread morbidity and mortality. From threshold to maximal nonlethal levels, a variety of cardiovascular changes occur, both immediately and in the long term, whose homeostatic function it is to renormalize tissue oxygen delivery. However, notwithstanding numerous studies over the past century, the literature remains equivocal regarding the hemodynamic responses in animals and humans, although CO hypoxia is clearly different in several respects from hypoxic hypoxia. Factors complicating interpretation of experimental findings include species, CO dose level and rate, route of CO delivery, duration, level of exertion, state of consciousness, and anesthetic agent used. Augmented cardiac output usually observed with moderate COHb may be compromised in more sever poisoning for the same reasons, such that regional or global ischemia result. The hypotension usually seen in most animal studies is thought to be a primary cause of CNS damage resulting from acute CO poisoning, yet the exact mechanism(s) remains unproven in both animals and humans, as does the way in which CO produces hypotension. This review briefly summarizes the literature relevant to the short- and long-term hemodynamic responses reported in animals and humans. It concludes by presenting an overview using data from a single species in which the most complete work has been done to date.
- Research Organization:
- Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6210871
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Health Perspect.; (United States), Vol. 77
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CARBON MONOXIDE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
HEART
DYNAMIC FUNCTION STUDIES
BLOOD FLOW
BLOOD PRESSURE
EXERCISE
HEMATOLOGY
MAN
METHEMOGLOBIN
MONKEYS
RATS
ANIMALS
BODY
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
CHALCOGENIDES
GLOBIN
HEMOGLOBIN
HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
MEDICINE
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PIGMENTS
PORPHYRINS
PRIMATES
PROTEINS
RODENTS
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology