Biological and abiotic losses of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soils freshly amended with sewage sludge

Journal Article · Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1993 · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620120103· OSTI ID:6200964

Wild, S R; Jones, K C ^[1]

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1. Lancaster Univ. (United Kingdom)

Sewage sludge containing typical indigenous concentrations of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was applied to several different soils in glass microcosms. Biologically active and sterilized soils were monitored for PAH content over a period of approximately 205 d. Agricultural soils with and without previous exposure to sewage sludge were tested, together with a forest soil and a soil from a major roadside. Loss of PAHs from a soil spike with a PAH standard solution was also investigated. Results indicate the PAH compounds with less than four benzene rings are susceptible to abiotic loss processes. However, losses by these mechanisms were insignificant for compounds with four or more benzene rings. Half-lives for the sludge-applied PAHs were derived and indicated a strong dependence of persistence on chemical structure. Half-lives for phenanthrene and benzo[ghi]perylene were between 83 and 193 d and 282 and 535 d, respectively. Mean half-lives correlate directly with log K[sub ow] and inversely with log water solubility. Behavior of PAHs was different in each soil, probably due to different soil characteristics and history of PAH exposure. The soil spiked with PAHs provided the lowest half-life values for most PAH compounds, suggesting a higher susceptibility of spiked PAHs to both abiotic and biological degradation.

• OSTI ID: 6200964
• Journal Information: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States), Vol. 12:1; ISSN 0730-7268
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
BIODEGRADATION
SOILS
DECONTAMINATION
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
HALF-LIFE
LAND POLLUTION
MICROCOSMS
REMEDIAL ACTION
SEWAGE SLUDGE
STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS
AROMATICS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CLEANING
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DECOMPOSITION
HYDROCARBONS
ISOTOPES
MATERIALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
RADIOISOTOPES
SEWAGE
SLUDGES
WASTES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
540320* - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology