Corn steep liquor and fermented ammoniated condensed whey as protein sources for lactating cows and yearling heifers grazing winter native range
Corn steep liquor (CSL) and fermented ammoniated condensed whey (FACW) were compared to cottonseed meal (CSM) as protein sources for wintering 61 lactating first-calf Hereford heifers and 32 yearling Hereford heifers on native range. Cattle were allotted by weight and individually fed 6 days per week for 12 weeks one of four protein treatments: negative control (NC), positive control (PC), CSL and FACW to provide .7, 1.5, .15 and 1.5 lb crude protein (CP) per day, respectively, to the lacating heifers and .2, .4, .4 and .4lb cP per day, respectively, to the yearling heifers. CMS was supplied in the CSL and FACW treatments at the same level as in the negative control. Lactating heifers fed the NC lost more (P less than .005) weight and body condition (120 lb and 1.6 units) than those fed the PC (45.8 lb and .9 units). Weight and condition losses were similar (P more than .05) for lactating heifers fed PC, CSL and FACW. Yearling heifers fed the NC lost more (P less than .005) weight than those fed the PC (49.4 vs 10.6 lb). Yearling heifers fed CSL and FACW gained more (P less than .005) weight than those fed the PC (17.6 and 9.3 vs - 10.6 lb). Feeding CSL resulted in signficantly lower rumen pH, lower ruminal acetate and higher ruminal butyrate, isovalerate and caproate levels than did feeding either control. Supplementing with FACW produced significantly lower rumen pH, higher rumen ammonia and soluble carbohydrate levels, lower ruminal acetate, and higher ruminal propionate and butyrate concentrations than did either control supplement. Corn steep liquor and FDCW appear to be effective protein sources for cows and heifers grazing winter native range.
- Research Organization:
- Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station
- OSTI ID:
- 6060070
- Journal Information:
- Okla. Agric. Exp. Stn., Tech. Bull.; (United States), Vol. 112
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
ANIMAL FEEDS
TESTING
PROTEINS
CATTLE
FEEDING
LIQUID WASTES
MAIZE
RUMINANTS
STILLAGE
STOMACH
WHEY
ANIMALS
BODY
CEREALS
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
FOOD
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
GRAMINEAE
GRASS
INDUSTRIAL WASTES
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC WASTES
ORGANS
PLANTS
VERTEBRATES
WASTES
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& Utilization- Industrial & Agricultural Processes- Industrial Waste Management