Personal exposure to nitrogen dioxide from indoor heaters and cooking stoves
- Univ. of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu (Japan)
The personal exposure to NO2 generated from various heaters and cooking stoves were studied, using 85 university students. The students attached NO2 filter badges to their chests or collars and wrote down the period of time for heating and cooking for 1 week. Types of heaters and smoking habits were described through a questionnaire. The urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (HOP/C) was examined as a biomarker for health effects. The outdoor NO2 concentration during the study period was 13.5-13.7 micrograms/m3. Smoking and the usage of electric heaters did not affect the exposure to NO2. Exposure increased according to the length of time kerosene heaters or oil fan heaters were used. The NO2 concentration during the heating by a kerosene heater and an oil fan heater was calculated to be 219 and 474 micrograms/m3, respectively. The correlation between the period of cooking and personal exposure was also observed. The NO2 levels during cooking were calculated to be 290 micrograms/m3. Using these calculated values of NO2 concentration, it is possible to presume the personal exposure levels from the length of time heaters and cooking stoves are used even if the subjects do not attach the filter badges. Neither smoking nor exposure to NO2 were associated with the increase of urinary HOP/C.
- OSTI ID:
- 5643528
- Journal Information:
- Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; (Germany), Vol. 25:4; ISSN 0090-4341
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
02 PETROLEUM
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
AIR POLLUTION MONITORING
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
SPACE HEATING
URINE
QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
CREATININE
HEATING OILS
HYDROXYPROLINE
KEROSENE
PERSONNEL MONITORING
SPACE HEATERS
STOVES
AIR POLLUTION
AMINES
AMINO ACIDS
APPLIANCES
AZOLES
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
BODY FLUIDS
BUILDINGS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
DISTILLATES
ENERGY SOURCES
EQUIPMENT
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL OILS
FUELS
GAS OILS
HEATERS
HEATING
HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY ACIDS
IMIDAZOLES
IMINES
LIQUID FUELS
MATERIALS
MONITORING
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES
PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RADIATION MONITORING
WASTES
540120* - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
020600 - Petroleum- Health & Safety