Evolution of a magmatic system during continental extension: The Mount Taylor volcanic field, New Mexico

Journal Article · Sat Nov 10 00:00:00 EST 1990 · Journal of Geophysical Research; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/JB095iB12p19327· OSTI ID:5320078

Perry, F V ^[1]; Baldridge, W S ^[2]; DePaolo, D J ^[3]; Shafiqullah, M ^[4]

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1. Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque (USA)
2. Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA)
3. Univ. of California, Berkeley (USA) Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA (USA)
4. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson (USA)

In this paper the authors present geologic mapping, K-Ar chronology, major and trace element data, mineral chemistry, and Nd, Sr, and O isotopic data for volcanic rocks of the Mount Taylor volcanic field (MTVF). The MTVF lies on the tectonic boundary between the Basin and Range province and the southeastern Colorado Plateau and is dominated by Mount Taylor, a composite volcano active from {approx}3 to 1.5 m.y. ago. Growth of the volcano began with eruption of rhyolite, followed by quartz latite and finally latite. Basalts erupted throughout the lifetime of the volcano. Rare mixing of evolved hy-hawaiite and rhyolite produced a few intermediate magmas, primarily in the early history of the field. Mixing may have occurred when rhyolite magmas in the lower crust ascended to upper crustal levels and were injected into the bases of mafic magma chambers. Small amounts of crustal assimilation accompanied fractional crystallization and affected all the evolved MTVF rocks. Assimilation/fractional crystallization occurred primarily in the lower crust as hy-hawaiite differentiated to mugearite or latite. Early in the history of the field, evolved lower crustal magmas ascended into the upper crust, where density filtering and a reduced tensional stress field inhibited further ascent until magmas evolved to rhyolite or quartz latite. Later in the history of the field, latite magmas ascended directly from the lower crust and erupted without further significant differentiation because of increased crustal extension.

• OSTI ID: 5320078
• Journal Information: Journal of Geophysical Research; (United States), Vol. 95:B12; ISSN 0148-0227
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

58 GEOSCIENCES
NEW MEXICO
VOLCANIC REGIONS
AGE ESTIMATION
GEOCHEMISTRY
ARGON ISOTOPES
BASALT
CONTINENTAL CRUST
CRYSTALLIZATION
GEOLOGIC HISTORY
GEOLOGY
ISOTOPE DATING
ISOTOPE RATIO
MAGMA
MAGMA SYSTEMS
MAPPING
NEODYMIUM ISOTOPES
OXYGEN ISOTOPES
POTASSIUM ISOTOPES
QUARTZ
RHYOLITES
STRONTIUM ISOTOPES
TECTONICS
VOLCANIC ROCKS
VOLCANOES
ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES
ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES
CHEMISTRY
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
EARTH CRUST
FEDERAL REGION VI
GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
IGNEOUS ROCKS
ISOTOPES
MINERALS
NORTH AMERICA
OXIDE MINERALS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
ROCKS
USA
580000* - Geosciences