Biodiesel versus diesel exposure: Enhanced pulmonary inflammation, oxidative stress, and differential morphological changes in the mouse lung

Journal Article · Tue Oct 15 00:00:00 EDT 2013 · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TAAP.2013.07.006· OSTI ID:22285430

Yanamala, Naveena ^[1]; Schwegler-Berry, Diane ^[1]; Kisin, Elena ^[1]

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1. Pathology and Physiology Research Branch/NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 (United States)

The use of biodiesel (BD) or its blends with petroleum diesel (D) is considered to be a viable approach to reduce occupational and environmental exposures to particulate matter (PM). Due to its lower particulate mass emissions compared to D, use of BD is thought to alleviate adverse health effects. Considering BD fuel is mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids, we hypothesize that BD exhaust particles could induce pronounced adverse outcomes, due to their ability to readily oxidize. The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of particles generated by engine fueled with neat BD and neat petroleum-based D. Biomarkers of tissue damage and inflammation were significantly elevated in lungs of mice exposed to BD particulates. Additionally, BD particulates caused a significant accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins and an increase in 4-hydroxynonenal. The up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines/growth factors was higher in lungs upon BD particulate exposure. Histological evaluation of lung sections indicated presence of lymphocytic infiltrate and impaired clearance with prolonged retention of BD particulate in pigment laden macrophages. Taken together, these results clearly indicate that BD exhaust particles could exert more toxic effects compared to D. - Highlights: • Exposure of mice to BDPM caused higher pulmonary toxicity compared to DPM. • Oxidative stress and inflammation were higher in BD vs to D exposed mice. • Inflammatory lymphocyte infiltrates were seen only in lungs of mice exposed to BD. • Ineffective clearance, prolonged PM retention was present only after BD exposure.

• OSTI ID: 22285430
• Journal Information: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 272, Issue 2; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0041-008X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIODIESEL FUELS
BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DROPLETS
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
INFLAMMATION
LUNGS
LYMPHOCYTES
LYMPHOKINES
MACROPHAGES
MICE
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES
OXIDATION
PARTICULATES
PETROLEUM
STRESSES
TOXICITY