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Title: LOW MASSES AND HIGH REDSHIFTS: THE EVOLUTION OF THE MASS-METALLICITY RELATION

Journal Article · · Astrophysical Journal Letters
;  [1]; ;  [2]; ; ;  [3]; ;  [4];  [5];  [6]; ;  [7];  [8];  [9]; ; ;  [10]
  1. Astrophysics Science Division, Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States)
  2. Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (United States)
  3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 (United States)
  4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (United States)
  5. Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 (United States)
  6. Laboratoire d'astrophysique, École Polytechniuqe Fédérale de Lausanne, Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix (Switzerland)
  7. Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
  8. Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
  9. Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, OX1 3RH (United Kingdom)
  10. Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, Pasadena, CA 91101 (United States)

We present the first robust measurement of the high redshift mass-metallicity (MZ) relation at 10{sup 8} ∼< M/M {sub ☉} ∼< 10{sup 10}, obtained by stacking spectra of 83 emission-line galaxies with secure redshifts between 1.3 ∼< z ∼< 2.3. For these redshifts, infrared grism spectroscopy with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 is sensitive to the R {sub 23} metallicity diagnostic: ([O II] λλ3726, 3729 + [O III] λλ4959, 5007)/Hβ. Using spectra stacked in four mass quartiles, we find a MZ relation that declines significantly with decreasing mass, extending from 12+log(O/H) = 8.8 at M = 10{sup 9.8} M {sub ☉}, to 12+log(O/H) = 8.2 at M = 10{sup 8.2} M {sub ☉}. After correcting for systematic offsets between metallicity indicators, we compare our MZ relation to measurements from the stacked spectra of galaxies with M ∼> 10{sup 9.5} M {sub ☉} and z ∼ 2.3. Within the statistical uncertainties, our MZ relation agrees with the z ∼ 2.3 result, particularly since our somewhat higher metallicities (by around 0.1 dex) are qualitatively consistent with the lower mean redshift (z = 1.76) of our sample. For the masses probed by our data, the MZ relation shows a steep slope which is suggestive of feedback from energy-driven winds, and a cosmological downsizing evolution where high mass galaxies reach the local MZ relation at earlier times. In addition, we show that our sample falls on an extrapolation of the star-forming main sequence (the SFR-M {sub *} relation) at this redshift. This result indicates that grism emission-line selected samples do not have preferentially high star formation rates (SFRs). Finally, we report no evidence for evolution of the mass-metallicity-SFR plane; our stack-averaged measurements show excellent agreement with the local relation.

OSTI ID:
22215422
Journal Information:
Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 776, Issue 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 2041-8205
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English