Proton in SRF Niobium
- Casting Analysis Corp, Weyers Cave, VA. 24486 (United States)
Hydrogen is a difficult impurity to physically deal with in superconducting radio frequency (SRF) niobium, therefore, its properties in the metals should be well understood to allow the metal's superconducting properties to be optimized for minimum loss in the construction of resonant accelerator cavities. It is known that hydrogen is a paramagnetic impurity in niobium from NMR studies. This paramagnetism and its effect on superconducting properties are important to understand. To that end analytical induction measurements aimed at isolating the magnetic properties of hydrogen in SRF niobium are introduced along with optical reflection spectroscopy which is also sensitive to the presence of hydrogen. From the variety, magnitude and rapid kinetics found in the optical and magnetic properties of niobium contaminated with hydrogen forced a search for an atomic model. This yielded quantum mechanical description that correctly generates the activation energy for diffusion of the proton and its isotopes not only in niobium but the remaining metals for which data is available. This interpretation provides a frame work for understanding the individual and collective behavior of protons in metals.
- OSTI ID:
- 21516671
- Journal Information:
- AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1352, Issue 1; Conference: 1. international symposium on the superconducting science and technology of ingot niobium, Newport News, VA (United States), 22-24 Sep 2010; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.3580646; (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0094-243X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
ACCELERATORS
ACTIVATION ENERGY
ATOMIC MODELS
DIFFUSION
HYDROGEN
IMPURITIES
ION-ATOM COLLISIONS
ISOTOPES
KINETICS
LOSSES
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
NIOBIUM
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
OPTICAL REFLECTION
PARAMAGNETISM
PROTONS
RADIOWAVE RADIATION
RF SYSTEMS
SPECTROSCOPY
SUPERCONDUCTORS
ATOM COLLISIONS
BARYONS
COLLISIONS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY
FERMIONS
HADRONS
ION COLLISIONS
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MAGNETISM
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
METALS
NONMETALS
NUCLEONS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
RADIATIONS
REFLECTION
REFRACTORY METALS
RESONANCE
TRANSITION ELEMENTS